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Mechanisms and Signaling Pathways of Salt Tolerance in Crops: Understanding from the Transgenic Plants

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Abstract

Soil salinization is a serious agricultural issue that is severely affecting crop production across the world. Salt induced stresses are mainly included osmotic and ionic stresses, which could lead to other stresses e.g., oxidative stress in plants. The evolved plant mechanisms in salt tolerance are categorized into osmotic tolerance and ionic homeostasis mediated by ion exclusion and ions sequestration into vacuole. Osmotic tolerance involves long-distance signaling which still has many unknowns in crops, while ionic homeostasis is achieved by Na+/K+/H+ transporters and H+-pumps. Besides, the mechanisms of salt tolerance are regulated by various signaling pathways and transcription factors. A better understanding on the mechanisms of salt tolerance and its involved candidate genes is a prerequisite for increasing/maintaining yield potential of crops in saline soils. This review focuses on various mechanisms, signaling pathways and transcriptional regulations of salt tolerance in crops. We also review the various examples of underlying candidate genes that have been engineered to develop the salt tolerant crops, and may also have worth in next crop breeding.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31972968 and 31771369), National Agri-Industry Technology Research System for Crops of Bast and Leaf Fiber of China (nycytx-19-E06), FAFU Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (xjq201629), FAFU Opening Fund for Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops (GBMUC-2019-003).

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  1. Muhammad Zohaib Afzal and Qi Jia contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops/Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Breeding by Design/College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China

    Muhammad Zohaib Afzal, Qi Jia, Aminu Kurawa Ibrahim, Sylvain Niyitanga & Liwu Zhang

  2. Experiment Station of Jute and Kenaf in Southeast China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Public Platform for Germplasm Resources of Bast Fiber Crops of Fujian, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian, 350002, Fuzhou, China

    Muhammad Zohaib Afzal, Aminu Kurawa Ibrahim, Sylvain Niyitanga & Liwu Zhang

Authors
  1. Muhammad Zohaib Afzal
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  2. Qi Jia
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  3. Aminu Kurawa Ibrahim
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  4. Sylvain Niyitanga
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  5. Liwu Zhang
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Contributions

Conceptualization, M.Z.A., Q.J., and L.Z.; investigation, M.Z.A. and L.Z.; writing, M.Z.A.; review, Q.J., A.K.I. and S.N.; editing, M.Z.A., Q.J. and L.Z.; supervision, L.Z.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Liwu Zhang.

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Communicated by: Yann-Rong Lin

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Afzal, M.Z., Jia, Q., Ibrahim, A.K. et al. Mechanisms and Signaling Pathways of Salt Tolerance in Crops: Understanding from the Transgenic Plants. Tropical Plant Biol. 13, 297–320 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12042-020-09265-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12042-020-09265-0

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