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Glucose transporters in cardiovascular system in health and disease

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Abstract

Glucose transporters are essential for the heart to sustain its function. Due to its nature as a high energy-consuming organ, the heart needs to catabolize a huge quantity of metabolic substrates. For optimized energy production, the healthy heart constantly switches between various metabolites in accordance with substrate availability and hormonal status. This metabolic flexibility is essential for the maintenance of cardiac function. Glucose is part of the main substrates catabolized by the heart and its use is fine-tuned via complex molecular mechanisms that include the regulation of the glucose transporters GLUTs, mainly GLUT4 and GLUT1. Besides GLUTs, glucose can also be transported by cotransporters of the sodium-glucose cotransporter (SGLT) (SLC5 gene) family, in which SGLT1 and SMIT1 were shown to be expressed in the heart. This SGLT-mediated uptake does not seem to be directly linked to energy production but is rather associated with intracellular signalling triggering important processes such as the production of reactive oxygen species. Glucose transport is markedly affected in cardiac diseases such as cardiac hypertrophy, diabetic cardiomyopathy and heart failure. These alterations are not only fingerprints of these diseases but are involved in their onset and progression. The present review will depict the importance of glucose transport in healthy and diseased heart, as well as proposed therapies targeting glucose transporters.

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Funding

The authors are supported by grants from the Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique et Médicale (FNRS), Belgium, and Action de Recherche Concertée de la Communauté Wallonie-Bruxelles (ARC 16/21-074), Belgium, and by unrestricted grants from Astra Zeneca. J.A. was and M.A. is supported by the Fund for Scientific Research in Industry and Agriculture, Belgium. S.H. is Senior Research Associate, whereas L.B. is Research Director of FNRS, Belgium.

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  1. Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 55, B1.55.05, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium

    Luc Bertrand, Julien Auquier, Edith Renguet, Marine Angé, Julien Cumps, Sandrine Horman & Christophe Beauloye

  2. Division of Cardiology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium

    Christophe Beauloye

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  1. Luc Bertrand
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Contributions

J.A. and E.R. performed the RAC experiments. M.A. and J.C. collaborated in writing the chapter dedicated to non-myocyte cells. L.B., S.H. and C.B. wrote the manuscript with input from all authors.

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Correspondence to Luc Bertrand.

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This article is part of the special issue on Glucose Transporters in Health and Disease in Pflügers Archiv—European Journal of Physiology

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Bertrand, L., Auquier, J., Renguet, E. et al. Glucose transporters in cardiovascular system in health and disease. Pflugers Arch - Eur J Physiol 472, 1385–1399 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00424-020-02444-8

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