Abstract
Natural pigments are derived from sources such as plant, animal, insects, and fungi. The anthraquinones are natural pigments that have pharmacological activities. They have applications in several domains such as the pharmaceutical, cosmetic and textile industries. Anthraquinones occur naturally in many plants including Cassia tora of the Fabaceae family. The present study focused on the production of pigments (anthraquinones) from callus of Cassia tora cultured on medium supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine and thidiazuron. The elicitor, salicylic acid, increased anthraquinone production in callus cultures whereas ethrel had minimum effect. Anthraquinone production increased twofold in callus inoculated in medium containing 10 mM salicylate. The yield obtained was 3709 ± 269.65 mg/kg dry weight of callus in Fraction B. The sun protection factor of the callus extracts was also assessed. The maximum sun protection factor observed was 38.
Key message
Growth analysis of Cassia tora callus, modulating callus growth and pigment (anthraquinones) production with the elicitors Ethrel and salicylic acid. Potential application of callus extract as Sun protectant.
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All authors contributed to the conception and design of the study. Experiments and data collection was carried out by M.S. The data was analysed by M.S. and I.G. The first draft of the manuscript was written by M.S. and I.G. commented on previous versions of the manuscript. Both the authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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11240_2020_1913_MOESM1_ESM.tif
Supplementary file 1 Fig. 1 Seeds, callus and extract of Cassia tora. (a) Cassia tora seeds used for germination of seedlings (b) 44th Day callus obtained from 51BT medium. (c) Methanolic extract of Cassia tora callus (TIF 8302 kb)
11240_2020_1913_MOESM2_ESM.tif
Supplementary file 2 Fig. 2 Cassia tora callus types (a) Sporadic organogenesis of shoots in hypocotyl explants treated with Kn (b) Root organogenesis in hypocotyl explants treated with IAA (c) Roots with friable yellow callus in root explants treated with TDZ (d) Green brown callus in cotyledonary explant treated with TDZ (e) Compact white callus in hypocotyl treated with 2-iP (f) White green brown callus in hypocotyl explants treated with BAP(TIF 8295 kb)
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Shah, M., George, I.A. Pigment elicitation and sun protection factor of callus induced from Cassia tora seedling explants. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 143, 201–210 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-020-01913-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-020-01913-3