Abstract
In this paper, a series of experiments were conducted on typical volcanic breccia collected from the foundation of Baihetan Dam. Considering previous work, the mechanical behavior and permeability of the volcanic breccia were further investigated. The experimental results showed that the compressive strength and Young’s modulus of the volcanic breccia decrease due to the presence of water. However, the Poisson’s ratio of the wet specimens was higher than that of the dried specimens. The permeability evolution under triaxial compression was divided into 5 stages. The fluid pressure showed a great influence on the permeability of the volcanic breccia. The water weakening mechanism and the effect of fluid pressure on the permeability were discussed. The effect of water on the strength of volcanic breccia is influenced by both subcritical crack growth and calcite dissolution. Due to the pore pressure gradient and the water weakening effect, the change in permeability with volumetric strain varies greatly.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Behrou R (2017) A thermo-Poro-viscoelastic model for the behavior of polymeric porous separators. ECS Trans 80:583–591. https://doi.org/10.1149/08008.0583ecst
Brace W, Paulding B, Scholz C (1966) Dilatancy in the fracture of crystalline rocks. J Geophys Res 71:3939–3953
Cai M, Kaiser PK, Tasaka Y, Maejima T, Morioka H, Minami M (2004) Generalized crack initiation and crack damage stress thresholds of brittle rock masses near underground excavations. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 41:833–847. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2004.02.001
Cai X, Zhou Z, Liu K, Du X, Zang H (2019) Water-weakening effects on the mechanical behavior of different rock types: phenomena and mechanisms. Appl Sci:9. https://doi.org/10.3390/app9204450
Chen X, Yu J, Tang Ca, Li H, Wang S (2017) Experimental and numerical investigation of permeability evolution with damage of sandstone under triaxial compression. Rock Mech Rock Eng 50:1529–1549. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-017-1169-3
Ciantia M, Castellanza R, Prisco CD (2015) Experimental study on the water-induced weakening of calcarenites. Rock Mech Rock Eng 48:441–461
De Bellis M, Della Vecchia G, Ortiz M, Pandolfi A (2016) A linearized porous brittle damage material model with distributed frictional-cohesive faults. Eng Geol 215:10–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2016.10.010
De Bellis ML, Della Vecchia G, Ortiz M, Pandolfi A (2017) A multiscale model of distributed fracture and permeability in solids in all-round compression. J Mech Phys Solids 104:12–31
Erguler ZA, Ulusay R (2009) Water-induced variations in mechanical properties of clay-bearing rocks. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 46:355–370. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2008.07.002
Fairhurst CE, Hudson JA (1999) Draft ISRM suggested method for the complete stress-strain curve for intact rock in uniaxial compression. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 36:281–289
Feng XT, Li SJ, Chen SL (2004) Effect of water chemical corrosion on strength and cracking characteristics of rocks - a review. In: Kishimoto K, Kikuchi M, Shoji T, Saka M (eds) Advances in fracture and failure prevention, Pts 1 and 2. Trans Tech Publications Ltd, Zurich-Uetikon, pp 1355–1360
Hadizadeh J, Law R (1991) Water-weakening of sandstone and quartzite deformed at various stress and strain rates. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci Geomech Abstr 28:431–439
Han B, Xie SY, Shao JF (2016) Experimental investigation on mechanical behavior and permeability evolution of a porous limestone under compression. Rock Mech Rock Eng 49:3425–3435. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-016-1000-6
Han B, Shen WQ, Xie SY, Shao JF (2018) Influence of pore pressure on plastic deformation and strength of limestone under compressive stress. Acta Geotech. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11440-018-0658-1
Heiland J (2003) Permeability of triaxially compressed sandstone: influence of deformation and strain-rate on permeability. Pure Appl Geophys 160:889–908
Jaeger JC, Cook NG, Zimmerman R (2009) Fundamentals of rock mechanics. John Wiley & Sons, Milton
Ji H, Zhang JC, Xu WY, Wang RB, Wang HL, Yan L, Lin ZN (2017) Experimental investigation of the anisotropic mechanical properties of a columnar jointed rock mass: observations from laboratory-based physical modelling. Rock Mech Rock Eng 50:1919–1931. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-017-1192-4
Jia CJ, Xu W-y, Wang H-l, Wang R-b, Yu J, Yan L (2017) Stress dependent permeability and porosity of low-permeability rock. J Cent South Univ 24:2396–2405
Jia C, Xu W, Wang S, Wang R, Yu J (2018a) Experimental analysis and modeling of the mechanical behavior of breccia lava in the dam foundation of the Baihetan hydropower project. Bull Eng Geol Environ 78:2681–2695. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-018-1228-3
Jia CJ, Xu WY, Wang RB, Wang W, Zhang JC, Yu J (2018b) Characterization of the deformation behavior of fine-grained sandstone by triaxial cyclic loading. Constr Build Mater 162:113–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.12.001
Jiang T, Shao JF, Xu WY, Zhou CB (2010) Experimental investigation and micromechanical analysis of damage and permeability variation in brittle rocks. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 47:703–713. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2010.05.003
Jiang Q, Feng XT, Hatzor YH, Hao XJ, Li SJ (2014) Mechanical anisotropy of columnar jointed basalts: an example from the Baihetan hydropower station, China. Eng Geol 175:35–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2014.03.019
Kiyama T, Kita H, Ishijima Y, Yanagidani T, Aoki K, Sato T (1996) Permeability in anisotropic granite under hydrostatic compression and triaxial compression including post-failure region. 2nd North American Rock Mechanics Symposium. American Rock Mechanics Association, Montreal, Canada, 1643-1650
Li D, Wong LNY, Liu G, Zhang X (2012) Influence of water content and anisotropy on the strength and deformability of low porosity meta-sedimentary rocks under triaxial compression. Eng Geol 126:46–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2011.12.009
Martin CD (1997) Seventeenth Canadian geotechnical colloquium: the effect of cohesion loss and stress path on brittle rock strength. Can Geotech J 34:698–725. https://doi.org/10.1139/t97-030
Martin CD, Chandler NA (1994) The progressive fracture of lac du bonnet granite. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci Geomech Abstr 31:643–659. https://doi.org/10.1016/0148-9062(94)90005-1
Mitchell TM, Faulkner DR (2008) Experimental measurements of permeability evolution during triaxial compression of initially intact crystalline rocks and implications for fluid flow in fault zones. J Geophys Res 113:412–428. https://doi.org/10.1029/2008jb005588
Monfared M, Delage P, Sulem J, Mohajerani M, Tang AM, De Laure E (2011) A new hollow cylinder triaxial cell to study the behavior of geo-materials with low permeability. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 48:637–649. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2011.02.017
Oda M, Takemura T, Aoki T (2002) Damage growth and permeability change in triaxial compression tests of Inada granite. Mech Mater 34:313–331. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6636(02)00115-1
Popp T, Kern H, Schulze O (2001) Evolution of dilatancy and permeability in rock salt during hydrostatic compaction and triaxial deformation. J Geophys Res Solid Earth 106:4061–4078. https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JB900381
Rathnaweera TD, Ranjith PG, Gu X, Perera MSA, Kumari WGP, Wanniarachchi WAM, Haque A, Li JC (2018) Experimental investigation of thermomechanical behaviour of clay-rich sandstone at extreme temperatures followed by cooling treatments. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 107:208–223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2018.04.048
Selvadurai APS, Suvorov AP (2014) Thermo-poromechanics of a fluid-filled cavity in a fluid-saturated geomaterial. P Roy Soc A- Math Phy 470:20130634–20130634. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2013.0634
Shao JF, Zhou H, Chau KT (2005) Coupling between anisotropic damage and permeability variation in brittle rocks. Int J Numer Anal Methods Geomech 29:1231–1247. https://doi.org/10.1002/nag.457
Shiping L, Yushou L, Yi L, Zhenye W, Gang Z (1994) Permeability-strain equations corresponding to the complete stress—strain path of Yinzhuang sandstone. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci Geomech Abstr 31:383–391. https://doi.org/10.1016/0148-9062(94)90906-7
Tugrul A (2004) The effect of weathering on pore geometry and compressive strength of selected rock types from Turkey. Eng Geol 75:215–227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2004.05.008
Wang HL, Xu WY (2013) Relationship between permeability and strain of sandstone during the process of deformation and failure. Geotech Geol Eng 31:347–353
Wang L, Liu J-f, Pei J-l, Xu H-n, Bian Y (2015) Mechanical and permeability characteristics of rock under hydro-mechanical coupling conditions. Environ Earth Sci 73:5987–5996. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-015-4190-4
Wang HL, Xu WY, Jia CJ, Cai M, Meng QX (2016) Experimental research on permeability evolution with microcrack development in sandstone under different fluid pressures. J Geotech Geoenviron 142:04016014. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)gt.1943-5606.0001462
Wong T-f, David C, Zhu W (1997) The transition from brittle faulting to cataclastic flow in porous sandstones: mechanical deformation. J Geophys Res Solid Earth 102:3009–3025. https://doi.org/10.1029/96jb03281
Wong LNY, Maruvanchery V, Liu G (2015) Water effects on rock strength and stiffness degradation. Acta Geotech 11:713–737. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11440-015-0407-7
Xiao YX, Feng XT, Feng GL, Liu HJ, Jiang Q, Qiu SL (2016) Mechanism of evolution of stress-structure controlled collapse of surrounding rock in caverns: a case study from the Baihetan hydropower station in China. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 51:56–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2015.10.020
Xu H, Prevost JH (2017) Integration of a continuum damage model for shale with the cutting plane algorithm. Int J Numer Anal Methods Geomech 41:471–487. https://doi.org/10.1002/nag.2563
Yan DX, Xu WY, Zheng WT, Wang W, Shi AC, Wu GY (2011) Mechanical characteristics of columnar jointed rock at dam base of Baihetan hydropower station. J Cent S Univ Technol 18:2157–2162. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771-011-0957-2
Yang H, Jia Y, Xie SY, Shao JF (2014) An experimental and numerical investigation of the mechanical behaviour of a concrete and of its permeability under deviatoric loading. Transp Porous Media 102:427–454. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11242-014-0284-9
Yang SQ, Huang YH, Jiao YY, Zeng W, Yu QL (2015) An experimental study on seepage behavior of sandstone material with different gas pressures. Acta Mech Sinica 31:837–844. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10409-015-0432-7
Yang S-Q, Xu P, Li Y-B, Huang Y-H (2017) Experimental investigation on triaxial mechanical and permeability behavior of sandstone after exposure to different high temperature treatments. Geothermics 69:93–109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2017.04.009
Yin GZ, Jiang CB, Wang JG, Xu J (2013) Combined effect of stress, pore pressure and temperature on methane permeability in anthracite coal: an experimental study. Transp Porous Media 100:1–16. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11242-013-0202-6
Zheng J, Zheng L, Liu H-H, Ju Y (2015) Relationships between permeability, porosity and effective stress for low-permeability sedimentary rock. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 78:304–318. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2015.04.025
Zoback MD, Byerlee JD (1975) The effect of microcrack dilatancy on the permeability of westerly granite. J Geophys Res 80:752–755. https://doi.org/10.1029/JB080i005p00752
Funding
This work was supported by National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFC0407006), open fund of state key laboratory of hydraulics and mountain river engineering (Sichuan University) (No. SKHL1725), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Funded Project (Grant No. 2017M620838), and the Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin (China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research), Grant No:IWHR-SKL-KF202016.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Jia, C., Xu, W., Wang, H. et al. Experimental investigation of the mechanical and permeability characteristics of volcanic breccia. Bull Eng Geol Environ 80, 599–610 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-020-01949-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-020-01949-x