Abstract
An efficient separation technology for hydrolysates towards a full valorization of bamboo is still a tough challenge, especially regarding the lignin and lignin-carbohydrate complexes (LCCs). The present study aimed to develop a facile approach using organic solvent extraction for efficiently fractionating the main components of bamboo hydrolysates. The high-purity lignin with only a trace of carbohydrates was first obtained by precipitation of the bamboo hydrolysate. The water-soluble lignin (WSL) fraction was extracted in organic solvent through a three-stage organic solvent extraction process, and the hemicellulosic sugars with increased purity were also collected. Furthermore, a thorough characterization including various NMR techniques (31P, 13C, and 2D-HSQC), GPC, and GC-MS was conducted to the obtained lignin-rich-fractions. It was found that the WSL fraction contained abundant functional groups and tremendous amount of LCC structures. As compared to native LCC of bamboo, the WSL fraction exhibited more typical LCC linkages, i.e. phenyl glycoside linkage, which is the main type of chemical linkage between lignin and carbohydrate in both LCC samples. The results demonstrate that organic phase extraction is a highly efficient protocol for the fractionation of hydrolysate and the isolation of LCC-rich streams possessing great potential applications.
Funding source: National Natural Science Foundation of China
Award Identifier / Grant number: 31540009
Funding source: China Scholarship Council
Award Identifier / Grant number: 31370581
Funding source: State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering
Award Identifier / Grant number: 201823
Acknowledgments
This work is part of the activities within Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre at Åbo Akademi University.
Authorcontribution: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
Research funding: The authors would like to acknowledge financial support from the China Scholarship Council, the Graduate School of Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering (201823), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31370581 and 31540009).
Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this article.
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Supplementary Material
The online version of this article offers supplementary material (https://doi.org/10.1515/hf-2020-0040).
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