Abstract
The influence of oil-in-water nanoemulsion using commercial olive oil at different concentrations on the fatty acid profile of rainbow trout fillets stored at 4 ± 2 °C was evaluated. At the end of the storage period, the highest content of the total saturated fatty acids (SFA) was found in the control samples (18.1%) while the lowest content was observed in olive oil samples (17.27, 17.59 and 17.48%). The concentration of total polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) contents of treated samples remained relatively constant during the storage time while a marked decrease was observed in the control samples since olive oil–based nanoemulsion prevented the lipid oxidation. In addition, PUFA/SFA and n-6/n-3 ratios were found in good range, which are considered to be an important dietetic parameter. Olive oil used in oil-in-water nanoemulsion maintained the MUFA and PUFA contents of fish during storage and can be recommended as a preservative for fish.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Aboofazeli R (2010) Nanometric-scaled emulsions (nanoemulsions). Iran J Pharmaceutic Res: IJPR 9(4):325
Acosta E (2009) Bioavailability of nanoparticles in nutrient and nutraceutical delivery. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 14:3–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cocis.2008.01.002
Álvarez V, Medina I, Prego R, Aubourg SP (2009) Lipid and mineral distribution in different zones of farmed and wild blackspot seabream (Pagellus bogaraveo). Eur J Lipid Sci Technol 111:957–966. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejlt.200800282
Amminger GP, Schäfer MR, Papageorgiou K, Klier CM, Cotton SM, Harrigan SM, Mackinnon A, McGorry PD, Berger GE (2010) Long-chain ω-3 fatty acids for indicated prevention of psychotic disorders: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Arch Gen Psychiatry 67:146–154. https://doi.org/10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2009.192
Augustsson K, Michaud DS, Rimm EB, Leitzmann MF, Stampfer MJ, Willett WC, Giovannucci E (2003) A prospective study of intake of fish and marine fatty acids and prostate cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Prevent Biomark 12:64–67
Baker JR Jr, Hamouda T, Shih A, Andrzej M (2003) Non-toxic antimicrobial compositions and methods of use. US Patent 6:559,189
Błaszczyk, A., Augustyniak, A., & Skolimowski J (2013) Ethoxyquin: an antioxidant used in animal feed. Int J Food Sci, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/585931
Bligh EC, Dyer WJ (1959) A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification. Can J Biochem Physiol 37:913–917. https://doi.org/10.1139/y59-099
Bucher HC, Hengstler P, Schindler C, Meier G (2002) N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in coronary heart disease: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Am J Med 112:298–304. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9343(01)01114-7
Calder PC (2015) Functional roles of fatty acids and their effects on human health. J Parenter Enter Nutr 39:18S–32S. https://doi.org/10.1177/0148607115595980
Calder PC, Yaqoob P (2009) Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and human health outcomes. Biofactors 35(3):266–272. https://doi.org/10.1002/biof.42
Chávez-Mendoza C, García-Macías JA, Alarcón-Rojo AD, Ortega-Gutiérrez JÁ, Holguín-Licón C, Corral-Flores G (2014) Comparison of fatty acid content of fresh and frozen fillets of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Walbaum. Braz Arch Biol Technol 57(1):103–109. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-89132014000100015
Damsgaard CT, Lauritzen L, Kjær TM, Holm PM, Fruekilde MB, Michaelsen KF, Frøkiær H (2007) Fish oil supplementation modulates immune function in healthy infants. J Nutr 137(4):1031–1036. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/137.4.1031
Durmus M (2019) The effects of nanoemulsions based on citrus essential oils (orange, mandarin, grapefruit, and lemon) on the shelf life of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fillets at 4±2° C. J Food Saf:e12718. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfs.12718
Durmus M, Ozogul Y (2018) Nanoemülsiyonların 2±2°C’de depolanan levrek filetolarının yağ asidi profilleri üzerine etkileri. Su Ürünleri Dergisi 35(3):227–235. https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.2018.35.3.01
Durmus M, Ozogul Y, Boga EK, Ucar Y, Kosker AR, Balikci E, Gokdogan S (2019a) The effects of edible oil nanoemulsions on the chemical, sensory, and microbiological changes of vacuum packed and refrigerated sea bass fillets during storage period at 2±2°C. J Food Process Preserv 43. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfpp.14282
Durmus M, Ozogul Y, Kosker AR, Ucar Y, Boga EK, Ceylan Z, Ozogul F (2019b) The function of nanoemulsion on preservation of rainbow trout fillet. J Food Sci Technol 57:1–10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-019-04122-9
Figueiredo-Silva AC, Corraze G, Borges P, Valente LMP (2010) Dietary protein/lipid level and protein source effects on growth, tissue composition and lipid metabolism of blackspot seabream (Pagellus bogaraveo). Aquac Nutr 16(2):173–187. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2095.2009.00649.x
Fiori L, Solana M, Tosi P, Manfrini M, Strim C, Guella G (2012) Lipid profiles of oil from trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) heads, spines and viscera: trout by-products as a possible source of omega-3 lipids? Food Chem 134(2):1088–1095. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.03.022
Giuffrida D, Salvo F, Salvo A, Cossignani L, Dugo G (2011) Pigments profile in monovarietal virgin olive oils from various Italian olive varieties. Food Chem 124(3):1119–1123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.07.012
González S, Flick GJ, O’keefe SF, Duncan SE, McLean E, Craig SR (2006) Composition of farmed and wild yellow perch (Perca flavescens). J Food Compos Anal 19(6–7):720–726. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2006.01.007
Graves SM, Mason TG (2008) Transmission of visible and ultraviolet light through charge-stabilized nanoemulsions. J Phys Chem C 112(33):12669–12676. https://doi.org/10.1021/jp801019z
Greene DH, Selivonchick DP (1987) Lipid metabolism in fish. Prog Lipid Res 26(1):53–85
Griffin BA (2008) How relevant is the ratio of dietary n6 to n3 polyunsaturated fatty acids to cardiovascular disease risk? Evidence from the OPTILIP study. Curr Opin Lipidol 19(1):57–62. https://doi.org/10.1097/MOL.0b013e3282f2e2a8
Guler GO, Zengin G, Çakmak YS, Aktumsek A (2017) Comparison of fatty acid compositions and ω3/ω6 ratios of wild brown trout and cultured rainbow trout. Turk J Fish Aquat Sci 17(6):1179–1187. https://doi.org/10.4194/1303-2712-v17_6_11
Hashim YZ, Eng M, Gill CI, McGlynn H, Rowland IR (2005) Components of olive oil and chemoprevention of colorectal cancer. Nutr Rev 63(11):374–386. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-4887.2005.tb00374.x
HMSO, UK (1994) Nutritional aspects of cardiovascular disease (report no. 46). HMSO, London
Huang Q, Yu H, Ru Q (2010) Bioavailability and delivery of nutraceuticals using nanotechnology. J Food Sci 75(1):R50–R57. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2009.01457.x
Huynh MD, Kitts DD (2009) Evaluating nutritional quality of pacific fish species from fatty acid signatures. Food Chem 114:912–918. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.10.038
Ichihara K, Shibahara A, Yamamoto K, Nakayama T (1996) An improved method for rapid analysis of the fatty acids of glycerolipids. Lipids 31:535–539. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02522986
Joe MM, Chauhan PS, Bradeeba K, Shagol C, Sivakumaar PK, Sa T (2012) Influence of sunflower oil based nanoemulsion (AUSN-4) on the shelf life and quality of Indo-Pacific king mackerel (Scomberomorus guttatus) steaks stored at 20°C. Food Control 23(2):564–570. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2011.08.032
Kentish S, Wooster TJ, Ashokkumar M, Balachandran S, Mawson R, Simons L (2008) The use of ultrasonics for nanoemulsion preparation. Innovative Food Sci Emerg Technol 9(2):170–175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifset.2007.07.005
Kris-Etherton PM, Harris WS, Appel LJ (2002) Fish consumption, fish oil, omega-3 fatty acids, and cardiovascular disease. Circulation 106(21):2747–2757. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.0000038493.65177.94
Medina I, Gallardo JM, Aubourg SP (2009) Quality preservation in chilled and frozen fish products by employment of slurry ice and natural antioxidants. Int J Food Sci Technol 44(8):1467–1479. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2009.02016.x
Ospina-E J, Sierra-C A, Ochoa O, Pérez-Álvarez J, Fernández-López J (2012) Substitution of saturated fat in processed meat products: a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 52(2):113–122. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2010.493978
Ozogul Y, Durmus M, Ucar Y, Kosker AR, Ozogul F (2016a) The combined impact of nanoemulsion based on commercial oils and vacuum packing on the fatty acid profiles of sea bass fillets. J Food Process Preserv 41(6):e13222. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfpp.13222
Ozogul Y, Durmus M, Ucar Y, Ozogul F, Regenstein JM (2016b) Comparative study of nanoemulsions based on commercial oils (sunflower, canola, corn, olive, soybean, and hazelnut oils): effect on microbial, sensory, and chemical qualities of refrigerated farmed sea bass. Innovative Food Sci Emerg Technol 33:422–430. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifset.2015.12.018
Ozogul Y, Yuvka I, Ucar Y, Durmus M, Kösker AR, Oz M, Ozogul F (2017) Evaluation of effects of nanoemulsion based on herb essential oils (rosemary, laurel, thyme and sage) on sensory, chemical and microbiological quality of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fillets during ice storage. LWT Food Sci Technol 75:677–684. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2016.10.009
Ozogul Y, McClements DJ, Kosker AR, Durmus M, Ucar Y (2019) Nanotechnological applications. Innovative Technologies in Seafood Processing, CRC Press, 279
Pigott GM, Tucker BW (1990) Seafood effects of technology on nutrition. Inc. New York: Marcel Dekker, pp. 359
Ratnayake WMN, Olsson B, Ackman RG (1989) Novel branched-chain fatty acids in certain fish oils. Lipids 24(7):630–637. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02535080
Ravi TPU, Padma T (2011) Nanoemulsions for drug delivery through different routes. Res Biotechnol 2(3):1e13
Saberi AH, Fang Y, McClements DJ (2013) Fabrication of vitamin E-enriched nanoemulsions: factors affecting particle size using spontaneous emulsification. J Colloid Interface Sci 391:95–102
Saglik Aslan S, Guven KC, Gezgin T, Alpaslan M, Tekinay A (2007) Comparison of fatty acid contents of wild and cultured rainbow trout Onchorhynchus mykiss in Turkey. Fish Sci 73(5):1195–1198. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1444-2906.2007.01452.x
Sarma D, Das PD, Das P, Bisht HCS, Akhtar MS, Ciji A (2015) Fatty acid, amino acid and mineral composition of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) of Indian Himalaya. Indian J Animal Res 49(3):399–404. https://doi.org/10.5958/0976-0555.2015.00104.1
Shadman S, Hosseini SE, Langroudi HE, Shabani S (2017) Evaluation of the effect of a sunflower oil-based nanoemulsion with Zataria multiflora Boiss. Essential oil on the physicochemical properties of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fillets during cold storage. LWT-Food Sci Technol 79:511–517. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2016.01.073
Shafiq S, Faiyaz S, Sushma T, Ahmad FJ, Khar RK, Ali M (2007) Design and development of oral oil in water ramipril nanoemulsion formulation: in vitro and in vivo evaluation. J Biomed Nanotechnol 3:28–44. https://doi.org/10.1166/jbn.2007.008
Shahidi F, Zhong Y (2005) Lipid oxidation: measurement methods. Bailey's Indust Oil Fat Prod. https://doi.org/10.1002/047167849X.bio050
Silva HD, Cerqueira MÂ, Vicente AA (2012) Nanoemulsions for food applications: development and characterization. Food Bioprocess Technol 5(3):854–867. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11947-011-0683-7
Simopoulos AP (2002) Omega-3 fatty acids in inflammation and autoimmune diseases. J Am Coll Nutr 21:495–505. https://doi.org/10.1080/07315724.2002.10719248
Smet K, Raes K, Huyghebaert G, Haak L, Arnouts S, De Smet S (2008) Lipid and protein oxidation of broiler meat as influenced by dietary natural antioxidant supplementation. Poult Sci 87(8):1682–1688. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2007-00384
Taepavarapruk P, Song C (2010) Reductions of acetylcholine release and nerve growth factor expression are correlated with memory impairment induced by interleukin-1β administrations: effects of omega-3 fatty acid EPA treatment. J Neurochem 112(4):1054–1064. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2009.06524.x
Taheri S, Motallebi AA, Fazlara A, Aftabsavar Y, Aubourg SP (2012) Effect of previous ascorbic acid treatment on the fatty acid profile of cobia (Rachycentron canadum) fillets during frozen storage. Grasas Aceites 63(1):70–78. https://doi.org/10.3989/gya.070711
Turhan S, Sagir I, Temiz H (2009) Oxidative stability of brined anchovies (Engraulis encrasicholus) with plant extracts. Int J Food Sci Technol 44:386e393–386e393. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2008.01777.x
Upadhyay R, Mishra HN (2015) Classification of sunflower oil blends stabilized by oleoresin rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) using multivariate kinetic approach. J Food Sci 80:E1746–E1754. https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.12966
Yazgan H, Ozogul Y, Durmus M, Balikci E, Gokdoğan S, Ucar Y, Aksun ET (2017) Effects of oil-in-water nanoemulsion based on sunflower oil on the quality of farmed sea bass and gilthead sea bream stored at chilled temperature (2±2°C). J Aquatic Food Prod Technol 26(8):979–992. https://doi.org/10.1080/10498850.2017.1366610
Yeşilayer N, Genç N (2013) Comparison of proximate and fatty acid compositions of wild brown trout and farmed rainbow trout. South Afr J Animal Sci 43(1):89–97. https://doi.org/10.4314/sajas.v43i1.11
Zuta PC, Simpson BK, Zhao X, Leclerc L (2007) The effect of α- tocopherol on the oxidation of mackerel oil. Food Chem 100:800–807. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.11.003
Funding
This study was supported by the University of Cukurova (Project No. FBA-2017-7405).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.
Additional information
Publisher’s note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Durmus, M., Bensid, A., Ozogul, Y. et al. Influence of olive oil–based nanoemulsion on the fatty acid profiles of rainbow trout fillets. Aquacult Int 28, 1997–2014 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-020-00574-5
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-020-00574-5