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Current Analytical Chemistry

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ISSN (Print): 1573-4110
ISSN (Online): 1875-6727

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Research Article

Optimized Trace Analysis of Verapamil in Biological Fluids Using Solvent Bar Micro Extraction Technique Coupled with HPLC-UV Detection

Author(s): Farzaneh Farazmand and Mahnaz Qomi*

Volume 16, Issue 6, 2020

Page: [753 - 760] Pages: 8

DOI: 10.2174/1573411014666180730114456

Price: $65

Abstract

Introduction: Verapamil (Verap) is an antidysrhythmic agent and a calcium channel blocker, indicated for angina, hypertension, supraventricular arrhythmias, and migraine.

Objective: Drug monitoring plays a critical role in patient survival. In order to prevent the onset of drug toxicity, trace levels of this drug should be determined.

Methods: For this reason, solvent bar microextraction technique coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography was implemented.

Results: Under optimum condition, verapamil was micro-extracted from a donor solution (pH=11) to an acceptor solution (pH=3.2). It was transferred through n-octanol as the organic solvent, which was impregnated in the pores of the hollow fiber. Salt addition (30%) had the major effect on the efficiency of the method. Interaction of time (65 min), temperature (25°C), and stirring rate (818 rpm) had a significant effect too. It all resulted in a limit of detection and quantification of 15 ng mL-1 and 50 ng mL-1, respectively. The relative standard deviations of analysis were 4.9% within a day (n=3) and 5.7% between days (n=9). The calibration curves represented good linearity for urine and plasma samples with coefficient estimations higher than 0.99 with a linearity range of 50-5000 ng mL-1. The relative standard deviation for intra- (n=3) and inter-(n=9) day was 4.2% and 5.7%, respectively.

Conclusion: It could be concluded that the application of this method for dose monitoring can be done at hospital and healthcare facilities.

Keywords: Biological fluids, HPLC-UV, microextraction, minitab, solvent bar, verapamil.

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Graphical Abstract

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