Advances in cancer research have revolutionized the way cancer is diagnosed and treated. Any cancer is now known to be an amalgamation of many subtypes, each carrying its specific cancer-causing gene or oncogene. It is also evident that a given oncogene is often present across a wide range of cancer subtypes, albeit at different frequencies. These lines of information have brought cancer genomic medicine (CGM) to the clinic, where genetic information is used to optimize therapeutic intervention. In 2017, the Expert Meeting for Cancer Genomic Medicine Promotion Consortium in the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW) of Japan submitted a blueprint for the CGM platform in Japan. Accordingly, the MHLW designated a total of 206 hospitals that conduct cancer gene panel testing under the national health insurance system and established the Center for Cancer Genomics and Advanced Therapeutics to store genomic/clinical information of cancer patients. Since June 2019, the CGM officially started in Japan.