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Molecular characterization and pathogenicity analysis of prunus necrotic ringspot virus isolates from China rose (Rosa chinensis Jacq.)

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Abstract

Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV) is a viral pathogen with worldwide distribution, infecting many commercial fruit trees and ornamental plants. So far, the correlation between PNRSV infection and China rose mosaic disease has not been studied. Rose mosaic disease is characterized by severe symptoms, including mosaic, line pattern, and ringspot. Six viruses that were potentially associated with mosaic disease, including PNRSV, were tested in China roses. Only PNRSV was detected in China roses showing mosaic disease, and asymptomatic samples tested negative for this virus. This result was confirmed by small RNA sequencing, but rose leaf rosette-associated virus and rose spring dwarf-associated virus were also identified in both samples with mosaic disease and asymptomatic samples. This implied that PNRSV might be associated with China rose mosaic disease. Full genome sequences of two PNRSV isolates were determined, and the RNA1, 2 and 3 segments were found to be 3,332, 2,594 and 1,951 nucleotides (nt) in length, respectively. The three RNA segments shared 88.7–89.1% nt sequence identity in the 3′UTR, while RNA2 and RNA3 shared 98.2–99.4% identity. The higher variability in RNA1 suggests that it might have been under greater selection pressure. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the two PNRSV isolates clustered in group PV-32. Full-length infectious cDNA clones of PNRSV from China rose were constructed and used to agroinfiltrate cucumber seedlings. The inoculated cucumber leaves showed yellowing, chlorotic spots, necrosis, dwarfing, and decline at 23 to 39 days post-inoculation, demonstrating the virulence of the PNRSV isolate from China rose. These data lay a foundation for determining the molecular mechanism of rose mosaic disease caused by PNRSV.

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Acknowledgements

We want to thank Prof. Hongguang Cui (from Hainan University) for kindly donating the pCass4-Rz vector and technical assistance with the construction of infectious clones, and Kaishu Ling (Vegetable Laboratory, USDA-ARS, U.S.A.) for the comments and suggestions on our manuscript.

Funding

This work was supported by key intergovernmental projects of the National Key Research and Development Program (2017YFE0110900), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31872922) and the Fundamental Research Funds for Environment and Plant Protection Institute, CATAS (1630042019017).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China

    Fei Xing & Shifang Li

  2. Department of Fruit Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China

    Dehang Gao, Huan Liu & Hongqing Wang

  3. The Australian Wine Research Institute Waite Precinct, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5000, Australia

    Nuredin Habili

  4. Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China

    Fei Xing & Shifang Li

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  1. Fei Xing
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  2. Dehang Gao
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  3. Huan Liu
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  4. Hongqing Wang
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Contributions

X.F. and L.S.F. designed the experiments and wrote the manuscript; X.F., G.D.H. and L.H. performed the experiments; H.N. made comments and improved the manuscript. Funding was obtained by W.H.Q. and L.S.F. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Shifang Li.

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Xing, F., Gao, D., Liu, H. et al. Molecular characterization and pathogenicity analysis of prunus necrotic ringspot virus isolates from China rose (Rosa chinensis Jacq.). Arch Virol 165, 2479–2486 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-020-04739-8

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