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In vitro bioactivity and osteoblast cell viability studies of hydroxyapatite-incorporated silica aerogel

  • Original Paper: Sol-gel and hybrid materials for biological and health (medical) applications
  • Published:
Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Bioactivity and osteoblastic growth of hydroxyapatite (HA)-incorporated silica aerogels (SA) (HAESA) with different ratio of HA/SiO2 (0.1, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.3 HA/SiO2) were investigated. Bioactivity of HAESA was studied by immersing all samples in simulated body fluids (SBF) for 7 and 14 days. The recovered samples were then characterised using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy combined with energy dispersive X-ray analyser (FESEM–EDX) and the analysis of phosphate loss in the solution. These samples were also investigated for their effect on cell viability and proliferation abilities against normal human osteoblast cells in vitro after 24 and 48 h of exposure times. The HA/SiO2 ratio affected its bioactivity in which the bioactivity increased to 0.5 (HAESA-0.5) and declined at higher ratios (1.0 and 1.3). A similar trend was observed for cell viability and proliferation assays. HAESA-0.5 (HA/SiO2 ratio of 0.5), which possesses the optimal characteristics of SA and HA, resulted in the highest osteoblastic growth due to the synergistic effects between SA and HA. Thus, HAESA-0.5 could be an alternative biomaterial compared to silica- and HA-based biomaterials for bone implant application due to its higher bioactivity in SBF with the improved performance of osteoblast growth.

Hydroxyapatite-incorporated silica aerogel with different weight ratio of HA/SiO2 (HAESA) was studied for their bioactivity in simulated body fluid and in vitro osteoblastic growth.

Highlights

  • Hydroxyapatite-incorporated silica aerogels (HAESA) has higher bioactivity than silica aerogel.

  • HAESA has higher bioactivity than free hydroxyapatite.

  • HAESA increases cell viability and proliferation of normal human osteoblast cells.

  • HAESA at 0.5 weight ratio has the highest bioactivity and biocompatibility.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the Ministry of Education, Malaysia and Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) for financially supporting this research under the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS, Vot No: 4F514).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Office of Deputy Vice Chancellor (Research and Innovation), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia

    Nor Suriani Sani

  2. Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia

    Nik Ahmad Nizam Nik Malek & Khairunadwa Jemon

  3. Centre for Sustainable Nanomaterials (CSNano), Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research (ISI-SIR), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia

    Nik Ahmad Nizam Nik Malek

  4. Medical Devices and Technology Group (MEDITEG), Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia

    Mohammed Rafiq Abdul Kadir

  5. Razak School of Engineering & Advanced Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 54100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Halimaton Hamdan

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  1. Nor Suriani Sani
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  2. Nik Ahmad Nizam Nik Malek
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Correspondence to Nik Ahmad Nizam Nik Malek.

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Sani, N.S., Malek, N.A.N.N., Jemon, K. et al. In vitro bioactivity and osteoblast cell viability studies of hydroxyapatite-incorporated silica aerogel. J Sol-Gel Sci Technol 96, 166–177 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-020-05386-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-020-05386-w

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