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On the Application of Stacked Periodic Tungsten Grating Nanostructure in Wide-Range Plasmonic Sensing and Other Photonic Devices

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Abstract

At present, the nanostructures consisting of tungsten metal are hardly explored for surface plasmon resonance–based applications in sensing and other photonic devices. In this view, a plasmonic nanostructure consisting of stacked tungsten gratings on aluminum nitride substrate with nickel interlayer is proposed and simulated for refractive index (RI) sensing in the visible and near infrared spectral regions. Rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA) with p-polarized light source is used for simulation and analysis. The sodium chloride (NaCl) concentration in water and gaseous medium is considered analyte. The performance of proposed plasmonic sensor is demonstrated in terms of sensitivity, resolution, and figure-of-merit values. In addition, a detailed analysis is also performed to study the effect of grating variable values on the sensor’s performance. The angle of light incidence emerges as an important parameter in significantly enhancing the sensor’s performance as well as in tuning the sensor’s applicability as per available light source. Further, it is shown that the same probe can be applied as a gas sensor with high sensitivity and accuracy. Moreover, the prominent absorbance characteristics of the proposed nanostructure leads to possible applications in spectral filtering as well as photodetection in both visible and NIR spectral regions. Owing to the advanced properties of tungsten, the proposed structure will be beneficial for bio- and gas-sensing applications along with other photonic devices operable in a wide spectral range.

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Funding

The financial support from the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), India, is gratefully acknowledged by A. K. Sharma for research and development project grant [No. 03(1441)/18/EMR II] and by A. K. Pandey for Research Associateship (RA). C. Marques acknowledges Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) through the CEECIND/00034/2018 (iFish project), and this work was developed within the scope of the project i3N, UIDB/50025/2020 & UIDP/50025/2020, financed by national funds through the FCT/MEC. This work is also funded by national funds (OE), through FCT, I.P., in the scope of the framework contract foreseen in the numbers 4, 5, and 6 of the article 23, of the Decree-Law 57/2016, of August 29, changed by Law 57/2017, of July 19.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Physics Division, Department of Applied Sciences, National Institute of Technology Delhi, Narela, Delhi, 110040, India

    Ankit Kumar Pandey & Anuj K. Sharma

  2. I3N & Physics Department, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal

    Carlos Marques

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  1. Ankit Kumar Pandey
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  2. Anuj K. Sharma
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Correspondence to Anuj K. Sharma.

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Pandey, A.K., Sharma, A.K. & Marques, C. On the Application of Stacked Periodic Tungsten Grating Nanostructure in Wide-Range Plasmonic Sensing and Other Photonic Devices. Plasmonics 16, 9–17 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11468-020-01248-x

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