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Water spray heat transfer through a piezoelectric atomizer with a single-hole micronozzle

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Abstract

We report an experimental study on the flow and heat transfer for a single microhole of water spray impingement on an indium tin oxide (ITO) heating plate using a piezoelectric atomizer. A microhole of dj = 35 µm was used and tested with a volumetric flow rate of 0.22 cm3/min for three different spray heights of 10, 20 and 30 mm and five heater initial temperatures of 25 °C, 50 °C, 100 °C, 150 °C, and 200 °C. Through the optical measuring techniques of the microparticle image velocimetry (μPIV) as well as interferometric particle imaging (IPI) and micro laser-induced fluorescence (μLIF), the velocity field, such as spray centerline velocity, droplet impact velocity and impact crater diameter, including impinged liquid film thickness and heat transfer performance (CHF) can be measured and calculated. The effects of the spray height and initial heater temperature on the flow and thermal characteristics are presented and discussed herein. The experimental results show that both the spray centerline velocity and spray droplet impact velocity were significantly influenced by the initial surface temperature as well as by the spray height. As a result, the cooling performance would be, in turn, affected by the aforesaid two parameters.

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Abbreviations

dj :

Diameter of nozzle hole, µm

dp :

Droplet size upon impact, µm

d32 :

Sauter mean diameter (entire spray field), µm

H:

Spray height, mm

h:

Local heat transfer coefficient, W/m2K

k:

Thermal conductivity, W/mK

ṁ:

Total mass flow rate, kg/s

Qvol :

Volumetric flow rate, cm3/s

Q1 :

Heat loss, W

q″:

Heat flux, W/cm2

Re:

Reynolds number, ρuodj/µ

Ta :

Ambient temperature, °C

Tw :

Heater’s average surface temperature, °C

Tl :

Inlet liquid temperature, °C

Ts :

Liquid saturation temperature, °C

Tin :

Surface initial/wall temperature, °C

t:

Time, s

uc :

Measured spray centered velocity along the downstream

uo :

Nozzle exit, m/s

up :

Droplet impact velocity, m/s

Wep :

Weber number, ρup2/σ

x:

Distance between two thermocouples, mm

z:

Spray downstream distance, mm

ρ:

Density of liquid, kg/m3

α:

Contact angle, °

σ:

Surface tension, N/m

μ:

Viscosity of liquid, Ns/m2

ΔT:

Temperature difference between two thermocouple, °C

av:

Average

j:

Nozzle

l:

Liquid

o:

Volumetric flux

p:

Impact

s:

Saturation

w:

Wall

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Acknowledgments

Financial support was from Ministry of Science and Technology of the Republic of China under the contract number MOST105-2221-E-110-001- is acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical and Electromechanical Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, 80424, ROC

    Shou-Shing Hsieh, Ching-Feng Huang & Yung-Ming Lu

Authors
  1. Shou-Shing Hsieh
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  2. Ching-Feng Huang
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  3. Yung-Ming Lu
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Shou-Shing Hsieh.

Additional information

Recommended by Editor Yong Tae Kang

Shou-Shing Hsieh received his Ph.D. from Ohio State University and has been on the Mechanical Engineering Faculty at National Sun Yat-Sen University, Taiwan since 1984. His areas of interest are in experimental/numerical thermal fluid sciences especially in heat transfer enhancement with/without phase change, MEMS heat transfer, micro fuel cell (stack), and gas turbine blade internal cooling.

Ching-Feng Huang received his Ph.D. from the Department of Mechanical and Electro-Mechanical Engineering of National Sun Yat-sen University (2014), Taiwan. Currently, he is a postdoctoral research fellow in the area of heat transfer enhancement, spray cooling and energy conservation.

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Hsieh, SS., Huang, CF. & Lu, YM. Water spray heat transfer through a piezoelectric atomizer with a single-hole micronozzle. J Mech Sci Technol 34, 3427–3436 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-020-0735-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-020-0735-x

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