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A comprehensive characterization of non-edible lignocellulosic biomass to elucidate their biofuel production potential

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Abstract

It is very requisite to demonstrate the characterization of lignocellulosic biomass for converting into renewable fuels and valuable chemicals. In this work, the physicochemical and thermochemical characterization of some non-edible oil seeds such as Putranjiva (Putranjiva roxburghii), Amaltas (Cassia fistula), and Siris (Albizia lebbeck) were carried out by extractive analysis via Soxhlet solvent extraction, compositional analysis, proximate analysis, elemental (CHNSO) analysis, heating value, bulk density, crystallinity index via XRD, functional groups via FTIR, mineral content via EDX, slagging and fouling indices via XRF, and degradation profile via TGA. It was noticed that all seeds consist of a maximum percentage of extractives such as Putranjiva 50.55%, Amaltas 18.22%, and Siris 22.8%. The results showed that these seeds have a higher cellulose content compared with hemicellulose and lignin. Further, it was confirmed from the Van Krevelen diagram, CHO index, as well as devolatilization index. Also, from the kinetic analysis, the activation energy (Ea) obtained of these seeds was in the order of PR > AL > CF. The chemical features and thermal degradation behaviour reaffirmed that these non-edible oilseeds have good energy potential for reproducibility of biofuel and green chemicals production.

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Abbreviations

GHG:

Greenhouse gas

PR:

Putrunjiva roxburghii

CF:

Cassia fistula

AL:

Albizia lebbeck

TGA:

Thermogravimetric analyser

DTG:

Derivative of thermogravimetric analysis

FTIR:

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

XRD:

X-ray diffractometer

EDX:

Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy

XRF:

X-ray fluorescence

EC:

Extractive content

MC:

Moisture content

AC:

Ash content

VM:

Volatile matter

FC:

Fixed carbon

TS:

Total solid

HHV:

Higher heating value

K eff :

Thermal conductivity

CrI:

Crystalline indices

T in :

Initial temperature

T fi :

Final temperature

T mx :

Peak temperature

D i :

Devolatilization index

W t :

Total weight-loss

E a :

Activation energy

R :

Ideal gas constant

T :

Temperature

(dw/dt)max :

Maximum mass loss rate

(dw/dt)mean :

Mean mass loss rate

BR:

Broido

HW:

Horowitz-Metzger

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Acknowledgments

Authors would like to thank Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Guwahati for analytical facility and Centre of Excellence–Green & Efficient Energy Technology (CoE-GEET), CUJ, Ranchi for financial and other necessary support for carrying out this research work.

Funding

This study is financially supported by Centre of Excellence–Green & Efficient Energy Technology (CoE-GEET), CUJ, Ranchi.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Energy Engineering, Central University of Jharkhand (CUJ), Ranchi, 835205, India

    Abhisek Sahoo & Sachin Kumar

  2. Centre of Excellence-Green and Efficient Energy Technology (CoE-GEET), Central University of Jharkhand, 835205, Ranchi, India

    Sachin Kumar

  3. Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, 721039, India

    Kaustubha Mohanty

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  1. Abhisek Sahoo
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Correspondence to Sachin Kumar.

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Sahoo, A., Kumar, S. & Mohanty, K. A comprehensive characterization of non-edible lignocellulosic biomass to elucidate their biofuel production potential. Biomass Conv. Bioref. 12, 5087–5103 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-020-00924-6

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