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A Study of Largest Active Region AR12192 of 24th Solar Cycle Using Fractal Dimensions and Mathematical Morphology

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Abstract

An active region (AR) of the sun is an area of strong magnetic field. Sunspots are frequently formed in an AR. Solar activity exhibits in the form of solar flares and coronal mass ejections. Solar active region AR12 192 occurring on October 18, 2014 hosted the largest sunspot of the 24th solar cycle which was of the size of Jupiter. AR12 192 was ranked 33rd largest active region out of 32908 active regions since 1874. This study analyzes the complexity and roughness of AR12 192 by studying the hidden persistency. Here persistency will be studied with the help of self-similar fractal dimension. For this purpose two techniques will be used, the Hausdorff-Besicovich box dimension and correlation dimension. The fractal dimension of the image of solar active region AR12 192 will be studied for its persistency. An image is considered to be persistent if the value of Hurst exponent is greater than 0.5. In addition, an analysis is performed using scaling parameters and wave spectrum. In this regard exponents such as scaling exponent, spectral exponent, and autocorrelation coefficient will be particularly studied. Heavy tail analysis for the data relevant to AR12 192 is also performed. A novelty of this study is the application of segmental image analysis using the transformation tools of mathematical morphology such as dilation, erosion, closing and opening to AR12 192.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mathematics, Sir Syed University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan

    Asma Zaffar & Muhammad Rashid Kamal Ansari

  2. Mathematical Sciences Research Centre, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Sciences and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan

    Shaheen Abbas

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  1. Asma Zaffar
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  2. Shaheen Abbas
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  3. Muhammad Rashid Kamal Ansari
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Correspondence to Asma Zaffar, Shaheen Abbas or Muhammad Rashid Kamal Ansari.

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Asma Zaffar, Abbas, S. & Ansari, M.R. A Study of Largest Active Region AR12192 of 24th Solar Cycle Using Fractal Dimensions and Mathematical Morphology. Sol Syst Res 54, 353–359 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0038094620040012

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