Abstract
Salted and ripened fish foods are susceptible to cause histamine poisoning. The present study focuses on microbial histamine degradation from high salted fermented fishery products to deepen our understanding about this new and growing field of research. As a result of this first study related to salted–ripened anchovies (Engraulis anchoita), fifty seven moderate and extreme halophilic microbial isolates from salt and salted–ripened anchovy processes were characterized in terms of their phenotype and histamine-degrading capacity. Only 7%—4 isolates—were able to degrade histamine. None of the histamine-degrading isolates presented proteolytic and/or lipolytic activity. One of them designated A18 was chemotactic toward histamine, an interesting property not previously reported for that chemoattractant. However, the S18 and A18 isolates, genotypically identified as Halobacterium sp. and Halomonas sp. respectively, produced indole and/or H2S, both undesirable characteristics associated to off-flavors occurrence. On the other hand, A28 and S20, identified as Halovibrio sp. and Halobacterium sp. respectively, presented desirable properties, such as cytochrome oxidase and catalase activity, and non-production of H2S and indole. These strains also showed characteristics previously reported as dominant in the ripened stage. The results are promising, and A28 and S20 may have the desirable features to improve the anchovy salting–ripening process.
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Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank Ms. Marisa Romero and Mr. Ariel Trainer of SENASA (Mar del Plata—Regional Laboratory) for their collaboration in histamine quantification analyses and Ms. Silvia Barañano of Pranas S.A. for the supply of raw material.
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This work was supported by the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (PIP 2013 N° 0403 and PIP 2016 N° 0437), Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica, MINCyT (PICT 2015 N° 2855), Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Pcia de Bs. As. (C.I.C.), and Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (ING447/15).
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María I. Yeannes and Silvia E. Murialdo have directed and co-directed this work, respectively.
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Perez, S., Murialdo, S.E., Ameztoy, I.M. et al. New insights into halophilic prokaryotes isolated from salting–ripening anchovies (Engraulis anchoita) process focused on histamine-degrading strains. Extremophiles 24, 787–796 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00792-020-01194-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00792-020-01194-w