Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Designing an IoT based autonomous vehicle meant for detecting speed bumps and lanes on roads

  • Original Research
  • Published:
Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing Aims and scope Submit manuscript

This article was retracted on 06 June 2022

This article has been updated

Abstract

Due to the excessive demand of automated solutions, intelligent transportation is the currently popular research area. Internet of things (IoT) is a boon to the today’s world, as communication with almost all the things around is made possible. IoT based autonomous vehicle (AV) is the most researchable topic, which is being approached by technology giants such as Google, Hyundai, Uber and so on. Inspired by this concept, this paper presents a technique to detect speed bumps and lanes on roads by utilizing IoT. This work considers that the speed bump and lane detection are the most fundamental, yet primary requirements of any AV. Both the goals are attained by employing ultrasonic and Wi-Fi sports camera sensor respectively. The lane detection is carried out by a computer vision based algorithm, which processes the video data. Furthermore, this work can be utilized on vehicle with drivers for the sake of alerting. The performance of the work is quite satisfactory in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and F-measure with reasonable time consumption.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9.
Fig. 10

Similar content being viewed by others

Change history

References

  • Alam F, Mehmood R, Katib I, Albogami NN, Albeshri A (2017) Data fusion and IoT for smart ubiquitous environments: a survey. IEEE Access 5:9533–9554

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Aly M (2008) Real time detection of lane markers in urban streets. IEEE Intell Veh Symp Neth. https://doi.org/10.1109/IVS.2008.4621152

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Arasteh H, Hosseinnezhad V, Loia V, Tommasetti A, Troisi O, Shafie-Khah M, Siano P (2016) Iot-based smart cities: a survey. In: 2016 IEEE 16th international conference on environment and electrical engineering (EEEIC), Italy, pp 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1109/EEEIC.2016.7555867

  • Babar M, Arif F (2019) Real-time data processing scheme using big data analytics in internet of things based smart transportation environment. J Ambient Intell Humaniz Comput 10(10):4167–4177

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boulaalam A (2019) Internet of things: new classification model of intelligence. J Ambient Intell Humaniz Comput 10(7):2731–2744

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bushnaq OM, Celik A, ElSawy H, Alouini MS, Al-Naffouri TY (2019) Aeronautical data aggregation and field estimation in IoT networks: hovering and traveling time dilemma of UAVs. IEEE Trans Wirel Commun 18(10):4620–4635

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Feng S, Setoodeh P, Haykin S (2017) Smart home: cognitive interactive people-centric internet of things. IEEE Commun Mag 55(2):34–39

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Herzog R, Jacoby M, Žarko IP (2016) Semantic interoperability in IoT-based automation infrastructures. At Automatisierungstechnik 64(9):742–749

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • https://developers.google.com/maps/documentation/geolocation/get-api-key

  • https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/speedbreakers-kill-they-cause-30-crashes-and-9-deaths-a-day/articleshow/59209813.cms

  • https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/19/technology/uber-driverless-fatality.html

  • Islam A, Shin SY (2019) Bus: a blockchain-enabled data acquisition scheme with the assistance of uav swarm in internet of things. IEEE Access 7:103231–103249

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kanade T, Thorpe C, Whittaker W (1986) Autonomous land vehicle project at CMU. In: Proceedings of the 1986 ACM fourteenth annual conference on computer science, pp 71–80. https://doi.org/10.1145/324634.325197

  • Khan MTR, Ahmed SH, Kim D (2019) AUV-aided energy-efficient clustering in the internet of underwater things. IEEE Trans Green Commun Netw 3(4):1132–1141

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Koubâa A, Qureshi B (2018) Dronetrack: cloud-based real-time object tracking using unmanned aerial vehicles over the internet. IEEE Access 6:13810–13824

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Krasniqi X, Hajrizi E (2016) Use of IoT technology to drive the automotive industry from connected to full autonomous vehicles. IFAC PapersOnLine 49(29):269–274

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mahalank SN, Malagund KB, Banakar R (2016) Device to device interaction analysis in IoT based smart traffic management system: an experimental approach. In: Symposium on colossal data analysis and networking (CDAN), Indore, India, pp 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1109/CDAN.2016.7570909

  • Martínez-Díaz M, Soriguera F (2018) Autonomous vehicles: theoretical and practical challenges. Transp Res Procedia 33:275–282

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mozaffari M, Saad W, Bennis M, Debbah M (2017) Mobile unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for energy-efficient internet of things communications. IEEE Trans Wirel Commun 16(11):7574–7589

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Neto AJ, Zhao Z, Rodrigues JJ, Camboim HB, Braun T (2018) Fog-based crime-assistance in smart iot transportation system. IEEE Access 6:11101–11111

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Noor-A-Rahim M, Khyam MO, Ali GMN, Liu Z, Pesch D, Chong PH (2019) Reliable state estimation of an unmanned aerial vehicle over a distributed wireless IoT network. IEEE Trans Reliab 68:1061–1069

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pal R, Gupta G, Parashar A, Raikwar H (2019) Scalable and sustainable automation using internet of things (IoT). In: Proceedings of recent advances in interdisciplinary trends in engineering and applications (RAITEA). https://ssrn.com/abstract=3377125

  • Parsa A, Farhadi A (2018) Measurement and control of nonlinear dynamic systems over the internet (IoT): applications in remote control of autonomous vehicles. Automatica 95:93–103

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Philip BV, Alpcan T, Jin J, Palaniswami M (2018) Distributed real-time IoT for autonomous vehicles. IEEE Trans Ind Inf 15(2):1131–1140

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ravikumar S, Subramaniam C (2016) A survey on different software safety hazard analysis and techniques in safety critical systems. Middle East J Sci Res. https://doi.org/10.5829/idosi.mejsr.2016.24.IIECS.23145,ISSN1990-9233

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ravikumar S, Chandrasekaran S, Ramesh S (2016) Safety assessment of distributed automotive software system model with design for traceability. Asian J Inf Technol 15(11):1799–1815

    Google Scholar 

  • Schraven MH, Calo’Carducci CG, Baranski MA, Müller D, Monti A (2019) Designing a development board for research on IoT applications in building automation systems. In: Proceedings of the international symposium on automation and robotics in construction (ISARC), vol 36. Banff, AB, Canada, pp 82–90. https://doi.org/10.22260/ISARC2019/0012

  • Wallace RS, Stentz A, Thorpe CE, Moravec HP, Whittaker W, Kanade T (1985) First results in robot road-following. In: IJCAI'85: proceedings of the 9th international joint conference on artificial intelligence, vol 2, pp 1089–1095

  • Xue Z, Wang J, Ding G, Zhou H, Wu Q (2018) Maximization of data dissemination in UAV-supported internet of things. IEEE Wirel Commun Lett 8(1):185–188

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yang Q, Yoo SJ (2018) Optimal UAV path planning: sensing data acquisition over IoT sensor networks using multi-objective bio-inspired algorithms. IEEE Access 6:13671–13684

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Computer Science and Engineering, SRM Valliammai Engineering College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India

    D. Kavitha

  2. Department of Information Technology, SRM Valliammai Engineering College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India

    S. Ravikumar

Authors
  1. D. Kavitha
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. S. Ravikumar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to D. Kavitha.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

This article has been retracted. Please see the retraction notice for more detail: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12652-022-04059-6

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Kavitha, D., Ravikumar, S. RETRACTED ARTICLE: Designing an IoT based autonomous vehicle meant for detecting speed bumps and lanes on roads. J Ambient Intell Human Comput 12, 7417–7426 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12652-020-02419-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12652-020-02419-8

Keywords

Search

Navigation