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Electrochemical detection of sotalol on a magnetographite-epoxy electrode using magnetite nanoparticles

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Abstract

Sotalol hydrochloride (STHCl) is a cardiovascular agent, specifically an antiarrhythmic and beta-blocker, that can be used regularly for an extended period. However, it may have side effects, such as weakness and slow heart rate (bradycardia). Currently, techniques such as capillary zone electrophoresis and high-performance liquid chromatography have been widely used for the determination of sotalol hydrochloride, which increases the cost of the analysis. Hence, the aim of this study is to develop an electrochemical sensor, employing magnetographite-epoxy composite (m-GEC) electrode modified with magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs) functionalised with carboxyl for the detection of sotalol as a faster, cheaper, precise and sensitive alternative method. The MNPs have an average size of 7.5 nm and were characterised by transmission electron microscopy. The electrochemical behaviour of STHCl on the m-GEC electrode modified with MNPs, was investigated by cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The supporting electrolyte was \(0.1\, \hbox {mol l}^{\mathrm {-1}}\) of phosphate buffer solution (\(\hbox {pH}= 7.0\)). Two oxidation peaks were observed: at a potential of 720 mV and at 920 mV vs. Ag/AgCl (KCl sat). Differential pulse voltammetry revealed linear calibration curves from 0.5 to \(500\times 10^{-6}\,\hbox {mol l}^{-1}\), with a limit of detection of \(0.015\times 10^{-6}\hbox {mol}\cdot \hbox {l}^{{-1}}\). Finally, the modified electrode showed good sensitivity, selectivity and stability for the determination of sotalol in real samples.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq-304500/2019-4), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES-Finance Code 001), PEC-PG program and Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Macromolecules (IMA/UFRJ), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Av. Horácio Macedo, 2030, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 29141598, Brazil

    Ana Isa Pérez, Josino Costa Moreira & FErnando Gomes DE Souza Jr

  2. Institute of Chemistry, State University of São Paulo (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, 14801-970, Brazil

    Elsa M Materón & Maria Valnice Boldrin Zanoni

  3. National Institute of Quality Control in Health (INCQS), Fiocruz, RJ, 21040-900, Brazil

    Maria Valnice Boldrin Zanoni

  4. Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Rio Department of Chemistry, Pontifícia Universidade Católica, Rio de Janeiro, 22453-900, Brazil

    Percio Augusto Mardini Farias

  5. Programa de Engenharia da Nanotecnologia, COPPE, Centro de Tecnologia-Cidade Universitária, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Horacio Macedo, 2030, bloco I, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    FErnando Gomes DE Souza Jr

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  1. Ana Isa Pérez
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  2. Elsa M Materón
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Correspondence to FErnando Gomes DE Souza Jr.

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Pérez, A.I., Materón, E.M., Zanoni, M.V.B. et al. Electrochemical detection of sotalol on a magnetographite-epoxy electrode using magnetite nanoparticles. Pramana - J Phys 94, 114 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12043-020-01983-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12043-020-01983-0

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