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Harvesting Electricity from CO2 Emission: Opportunities, Challenges and Future Prospects

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Abstract

The ever-increasing CO2 emission has necessitated the search for suitable technologies for CO2 utilization at a low cost. Recently, a novel concept called reactive gas electrosorption (RGE) for energy harvesting from CO2 emission, which could boost the efficiency of a thermal power plant by 5% was proposed by Hamelers and coworkers. The concept involves mixing of air stream with a low CO2 concentration with a stream of high CO2 concentration in an alkaline aqueous electrolyte. However, this concept is faced with the challenges of designs specific for CO2-electrolyte, and inadequate performance of the electrode materials. Therefore, this study showcases electricity generation opportunities from CO2 via RGE and discussed challenges and prospect. The study reveals that the drawback relating to the electrode could be solved using heteroatom doped traditional carbon materials and composite carbon-based materials, which has been successfully used in capacitive cells designed for desalination. This modification helps to improve the hydrophilicity, thereby improving electrode wettability, and suppressing faradaic reaction and co-ion repulsion effect. This improvement could enhance the charge efficiency, sorption capacity durability of electrodes and reduce the energy loss in RGE. Moreover, intensification of the membrane capacitive deionization (MCDI) process to obtain variances like enhanced MCDI and Faradaic MCDI. Hybrid capacitive deionization (HCDI) is also a promising approach for improvement of the capacitive cell design in RGE. This intensification can improve the electrosorption capacity and minimize the negative effect of faradaic reaction. The use of alternative amine like Piperazine, which is less susceptible to degradation to boosting CO2 dissolution is also suggested.

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS) from the Ministry of Education (Department of Higher Education), Malaysia for funding this work through Project No. “FP046-2017A”.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Peter Adeniyi Alaba, Ching Shya Lee & Wan Mohd Ashri Wan Daud

  2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Dawood University of Engineering and Technology, New M.A Jinnah Road, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan

    Shaukat Ali Mazari

  3. Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, College of Natural and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bayero University Kano, P.M.B 3011, Kano State, Nigeria

    Hamisu Umar Farouk

  4. Department of Chemical Engineering, Covenant University, P.M.B 1023, Ota, Nigeria

    Samuel Eshorame Sanni & Oluranti Agboola

  5. University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Ching Shya Lee

  6. UMR5503 Laboratoire de Génie Chimique (LGC), Toulouse, France

    Ching Shya Lee

  7. Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, 21911, Saudi Arabia

    Faisal Abnisa

  8. Research Centre for Nano-Materials and Energy Technology (RCNMET), School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia

    Mohamed Kheireddine Aroua

  9. Department of Engineering, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YW, UK

    Mohamed Kheireddine Aroua

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  1. Peter Adeniyi Alaba
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  9. Wan Mohd Ashri Wan Daud
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Contributions

HUF contributed in the conceptualization and section 3 (Reactive Gas Electrosorption (RGE)) of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Peter Adeniyi Alaba, Ching Shya Lee or Wan Mohd Ashri Wan Daud.

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Alaba, P.A., Mazari, S.A., Farouk, H.U. et al. Harvesting Electricity from CO2 Emission: Opportunities, Challenges and Future Prospects. Int. J. of Precis. Eng. and Manuf.-Green Tech. 8, 1061–1081 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40684-020-00250-2

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