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Sorption of Bioavailable Arsenic on Clay and Iron Oxides Elevates the Soil Microbial Activity

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Abstract

In this study, the effects of As-contaminated groundwater by various minerals in the soil were evaluated. The influence of As on microbial inhibition and activities influenced by soil minerals such as clay minerals (bentonite and kaolinite) and iron oxides (hematite, goethite, and magnetite) were investigated. The method used to evaluate the effects of soil minerals on As-contaminated groundwater was to indirectly measure microbial activity by two methods, measurement of optical density (OD) and fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrolysis. This study used Pseudomonas jinjuensis, a microorganism commonly found in soil and groundwater. The measurement of OD is a simple and quick method of identifying the growth of microorganisms, affecting turbidity up to dead cells after dead phase, making it difficult to identify actual living microorganisms; thus, it was inappropriate for toxicity assessment. However, the use of FDA is able to measure the bioavailability of microorganisms due to actual As contamination by the luminescence of the fluorescein caused by the enzymes of living microbes. The bentonite and hematite showed that promoting bacteria activity of 140.5% and 7.9%, respectively, and reducing the negative impact from As to bacteria, constantly, magnetite had a negative impact on bacteria activity. These results indicate that the clay minerals and iron oxides influenced the bioavailability of As in groundwater. Also, surface area and cation exchange capacity (CEC) of clay minerals and iron oxides were important parameters on the bioavailability of As.

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Funding

This work was supported by Korea Environment Industry & Technology Institute (KEITI) through subsurface environmental management project, funded by Korea Ministry of Environment (MOE) (2018002480006) and Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Institutional Program (Project No. 2E30130).

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Author notes

  1. Miyeon Lee and Yongtae Ahn contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Environment, Health and Welfare Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Hwarang-ro 14, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea

    Miyeon Lee, Yongtae Ahn, Kalimuthu Pandi & Jaeyoung Choi

  2. Department of Advanced Environmental Science, Graduate School of Energy and Environment, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea

    Miyeon Lee & Ho Young Jo

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  1. Miyeon Lee
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  2. Yongtae Ahn
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Correspondence to Jaeyoung Choi.

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Lee, M., Ahn, Y., Pandi, K. et al. Sorption of Bioavailable Arsenic on Clay and Iron Oxides Elevates the Soil Microbial Activity. Water Air Soil Pollut 231, 411 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-020-04784-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-020-04784-8

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