Abstract
Catalytic thermolysis of petroleum refinery wastewater was investigated as a pretreatment process. Effects of various parameters like temperature, pH, dose of catalyst and time were investigated for chemical oxygen demand (COD), turbidity, and element reduction. CuSO4, FeSO4, FeCl3, and 1:1 ratio (v:v) mixture of CuSO4 and FeCl3 were used as a catalyst. The maximum reduction of COD and turbidity were 90 and 98% by mixture (1:1) of CuSO4 and FeCl3 at 70 °C, 7 pH, 1.0 kg/m3 dose in 90 min reaction time. The removal of an element like Cr, Mn, Ni, and Pb was analyzed by ICP-OES. The sludge precipitated after catalytic thermolysis was characterized using scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDX), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA)/derivative thermal analysis (DTA) analyses. Sludge from CuSO4 and mixture of CuSO4 and FeCl3 treatment has a compact structure with irregular granule which favors adsorption.
Funding source: Department of Chemical Engineering, IIT (BHU)
Acknowledgment
Authors are thankful to the workshop of IIT (BHU), Varanasi for help in the fabrication of the test section and gratefully acknowledge the support of this work by Department of Chemical Engineering, IIT (BHU) Varanasi for providing the funds and facilities for the development of the experimental setup.
Author contribution: Bineeta Singh: Roles/Writing - original draft; Data curation; Experimental analysis Ashok K. Verma: Review & editing Pradeep Kumar: Methodology, Investigation; Supervision; Resources.
Research funding: This work was support by Department of Chemical Engineering, IIT (BHU) Varanasi for providing the funds and facilities for the development of the experimental setup.
Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this article.
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