Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Uranium mineralization associated with late magmatic ductile to brittle deformation and Na–Ca metasomatism of the Pan-African A-type Zabili syntectonic pluton (Mayo-Kebbi massif, SW Chad)

  • Article
  • Published:
Mineralium Deposita Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The Mayo-Kebbi massif (Chad) exposes a Neoproterozoic juvenile crustal segment that has been tectonically accreted in the Central African Orogenic Belt and reworked during the Pan-African orogeny. It comprises a syntectonic high-K magmatic suite including the Zabili A-type granitic pluton. The Zabili pluton is made of a highly differentiated granite generated by fractional crystallization of a magma formed by partial melting of a Neoproterozoic juvenile protolith. Syn- to post-magmatic ductile to brittle deformation of the Zabili pluton is associated with metasomatism and deposition of uranium. Primary magmatic U-bearing minerals are zircon, monazite, and uranothorite. Late-magmatic deformation and Na-metasomatism are marked by the development of R’ antithetic shear zones with high-temperature dynamic recrystallization of K-feldspar and Ca-plagioclase phenocrysts coeval with crystallization of albite along deformation bands and grain boundaries, and crystallization of interstitial amphibole, calcite epidote and albite also affected by intracrystalline deformation. At this stage, U-bearing minerals are monazite, uraninite, brannerite (pseudomorphosed in ekanite). This late-magmatic event is dated by U–Th–Pb on monazite at 599 ± 4 Ma. Brittle deformation and Ca-metasomatism are marked by cataclastic zones and veins containing albite, epidote, calcite, chlorite, apatite, metamict zircon, pitchblende, U-silicates, and iron oxides. U-bearing minerals are altered and/or remobilized in ekanite, kasolite, and uranophane. These data suggest that the uranium mineralization hosted by the Zabili pluton records a superposition of processes and traces extreme crustal differentiation of a Neoproterozoic juvenile crustal segment reworked during the Pan-African orogeny.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Abdelsalam MG, Liégeois JP, Stern RJ (2002) The Saharan Metacraton. J Afr Earth Sci 34:119–136

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Aldahan AA, Morad S, Collini B (1987) Clouded-untwinned albite in the Siljan granite, central Sweden. Neues Jahrbuch Fur Mineralogie-Monatshefte:327–335

  • Alexandre P (2010) Mineralogy and geochemistry of the sodium metasomatism-related uranium occurrence of Aricheng South, Guyana. Mineral Deposita 45:351–367

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Amme M, Wiss T, Thiele H, Boulet P, Lang H (2005) Uranium secondary phase formation during anoxic hydrothermal leaching processes of UO2 nuclear fuel. J Nucl Mater 341:209–223

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anderson B, Claringbull G, Davis R et al (1961) Ekanite, a new Metamict mineral from Ceylon. Nature 190:997. https://doi.org/10.1038/190997a0

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ashworth JR (1976) Petrogenesis of migmatites in the Huntly-Portsoy area, north-east Scotland. Mineral Mag 40:661–682

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baker DS (1970) Composition of granophyre, myrmekite and graphic granite. Geol Soc Am Bull:813339–813350

  • Barton MK, Johnson DA (1996) Evaporitic-source model for igneous-related Fe oxide-(REE-Cu-Au-U) mineralization. Geology 24:259–262

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bau M (1996) Controls on the fractionation of isovalent trace elements in magmatic and aqueous systems: evidence from Y/Ho, Zr/Hf, and lanthanide tetrad effect. Contrib Mineral Petrol 123:323–333

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Belevtsev YN, Belevtsev RY, Siroshtan RI (1983) The Krivoy Rog basin. In: Trendall AF, Morries RC (eds) Iron-formation: facts and problems. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 211–251

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Bessoles B, Trompette R (1980) Géologie d’Afrique. La chaîne Pan-Africaine, «zone mobile d’Afrique centrale» (partie Sud) et zone soudanaise. Mémoire du Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières, Orléans394 pp

  • Black R, Liégeois JP (1993) Cratons, mobile belts, alkaline rocks and continental lithospheric mantle: the Pan-African testimony. J Geol Soc Lond 150:89–98

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bouchez JL, Delas C, Gleizes G, Nédélec A, Cuney M (1992) Submagmatic microstructures in granites. Geology 20:35–38

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boulvais P, Ruffet G, Cornichet J, Mermet M (2007) Cretaceous albitization and dequartzification of Hercynian peraluminous granite in the Salvezines massif (French Pyrénées). Lithos 93:89–106

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brown WL, Parsons I (1989) Alkali feldspars: ordering rates, phase transformations and behaviour diagrams for igneous rocks. Mineral Mag 53:25–42

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carignan J, Hold P, Mevelle G, Morel J, Yeghichevan D (2001) Routine analysis of trace elements in geological samples using flow injection and low pressure on line liquid chromatography coupled to ICP-MS: a study of geochemical reference materials BR, DR-N, UB-N, AN-G and GH. Geostand Newslett 25:187–198

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carten RB (1986) Sodium–calcium metasomatism: chemical, temporal, and spatial relationships at the Yerington, Nevada, porphyry copper deposit. Econ Geol 81:1495–1519

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cathelineau M (1986) The hydrothermal alkali metasomatism effects on granitic rocks: quartz dissolution and related subsolidus changes. J Petrol 27:945–965

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cathelineau M (1987) U-Th-REE mobility during albitization and quartz dissolution in granitoïds: evidence from south-east French massif Central. Bulletin de la société française de Minéralogie et de Cristallographie 110:249–259

    Google Scholar 

  • Cinelu S (2008) Métasomatose sodique et Minéralisations uranifères associées: Exemples du district de Kirovograd-Novoukrainsk (Ukraine), du batholite du Kurupung (Guyana), et du gisement d’Espinharas (Brésil). Thèse de doctorat, Université Henri Poincaré pp 202

  • Coelho S, Passchier C, Marques F (2006) Riedel-shear control on the development of pennant veins: field example and analogue modeling. J Struct Geol 28:1658–1669

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cuney M, Kyser K (2009) Recent and not-so-recent developments in uranium deposits and implications for exploration. Mineralogical Association of Canada, Short Course Series 39: pp. 257

  • Cuney M, Emetz A, Mercadier J, Mykchaylov V, Shunko V, Yuslenko A (2012) Uranium deposits associated with Na-metasomatism from central Ukraine: a review of some of the major deposits and genetic constraints. Ore Geol Rev 44:82–106

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • De Bresser JHP (2002) On the mechanism of dislocation creep of calcite at high temperature: inferences from experimentally measured pressure sensitivity and strain rate sensitivity of flow stress. J Geophysic Res 107:B12–B2337

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Debon F, Lefort P (1983) A chemical–mineralogical classification of common plutonic rocks and associations. Trans R Soc Edinb Earth Sci 73:135–149

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Debon F, Le Fort P (1988) A cationic classification of common plutonic rocks and their magmatic associations: principles, method, applications. Bull Minéral 111:493–510

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dempsey CS, Meighan LG, Fallick AE (1990) Desilicification of Caledonian granites in the Bamesmore complex, Co. Donegal: the origin and significance of metasomatic syenite bodies. Geol J 25:371–380

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dolnicek Z, Rene M, Hermannova S, Prochaska W (2014) Origin of the Okrouhla Radoua episyenite-hosted uranium deposit, Bohemian massif, Czech Republic: fluid inclusion and stable isotope constraints. Mineral Deposita 49:409–425

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Doumnang JC (2006) Géologie des formations Néoprotérozoïques du Mayo-Kebbi (Sud-Ouest du Tchad), Apports de la pétrologie et de la géochimie, implications sur la géodynamique au Pan-africain. Thèse de Doctorat, Université d’Orléans (France) pp. 206

  • Eby GN (1992) Chemical subdivision of the A-type granitoids: petrogenetic and tectonic implications. Geology 20:641–644

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eglinger A, Ferraina C, Tarantola A, André-Mayer AS, Vanderhaeghe O, Boiron MC, Dubessy J, Richard A, Brouand M (2014a) Hypersaline fluids generated by high-grade metamorphism of evaporites: fluid inclusion study of uranium occurrences in the Western Zambian Copperbelt. Contrib Mineral Petrol 167:967

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eglinger A, Tarantola A, Durand C, Ferraina C, Vanderhaeghe O, André-Mayer AS, Paquette JP, Deloule E (2014b) Uranium mobilization by fluids associated with Ca-Na-metasomatism: a P-t record of fluid-rock interactions during Pan-Africain metamorphism (Western Zambian Copperbelt). Chem Geol 386:218–237

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Elburg MA, Andersen T, Bons PD, Weisheit A, Simonsen SL, Smet I (2012) Metasomatism and metallogeny of A-type granites of the Mt painter–Mt Babbage inliers, South Australia. Lithos 151:83–104

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eldursi K, Branquet Y, Guillou-Frottier L, Marcoux E (2009) Numerical investigation of transient hydrothermal processes around intrusions: heat-transfer and fluid-circulation controlled mineralization patterns. Earth Planet Sci Lett 208:70–83

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Emetz AV, Ponomarenko OM, Cuney M, Petrichenko KV, Shcherbak DM, Cinelu S (2007) Mineralogical and geochemical patterns and age of uranium ores in albitites of the Kirovograd block by the example of the Novokostantynivka U deposit (Novoukrainka granite massif, Ukrainian Shield). Mineral J 29:102–110

    Google Scholar 

  • Engvik AK, Putnis A, FitzGerald J, Austrheim H (2008) Albitization of granitic rocks: the mechanism of replacement of oligoclase by albite. Can Mineral 46:1401–1415

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fejfarova K, Dušek M, Plašil J, Cĕjka J, Sejkora JO, Škoda R (2013) Reinvestigation of the crystal structure of kasolite, Pb[(UO2)(SiO4)](H2O), an important alteration product of uraninite, UO2+x. J Nucl Mater 434:461–467

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Finch RJ, Ewing RC (1992) The corrosion of uraninite under oxidizing conditions. J Nucl Mater 190:133–156

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Frondel C (1958) Systematic mineralogy of uranium and thorium. United States Geological Survey Bulletin:1064

  • Gapais D (1989) Shear structures within deformed granites: mechanical and thermal indications. Geology 17:1144–1147

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gasquet D, Bertrand JM, Paquette JL, Lehmann J, Ratzov G, De Ascencao GR, Tiepolo M, Boullier AM, Scaillet S, Nomade S (2010) Miocene to Messinian deformation and hydrothermalism in the Lauzière massif (French Western Alps): new U-Th-Pb and argon ages. Bull Soc Géol France 181:227–241

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Guiraud R (1991) L’Hydrogéologie en Mauritanie. In: Caruba R, Dars R (eds) Géologie de la Mauritanie. Nice, Université de Nice-Sophia, Centre Régional de Documentation Pédagogique, pp 257–268

    Google Scholar 

  • Hanmer SK (1982) Microstructure and geochemistry of plagiodase and microcline in naturally deformed granite. J Struct Geol 4:197–214

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Harlov DE, Wirth R (2000) K-feldspar-quartz and K-feldspar-plagioclase phase boundary interactions in garnet-orthopyroxene gneiss’s from the Val Strona di omegna, Ivrea-Verbano Zone, northern Italy. Contrib Mineral Petrol 140:148–162

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hayba DO, Ingebritsen SE (1997) Multiphase groundwater flow near cooling plutons. J Geophys Res 102:12235–12252

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hecht L, Thuro K, Plinninger R, Cuney M (1999) Mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of hydrothermal alteration and episyenitization in the Königshain granites, northern Bohemian massif, Germany. Int J Earth Sci 88:236–252

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Heinrich CA (2007) Fluid-fluid interactions in magmatic-hydrothermal ore formation. Rev Mineral Geochem 65:363–387

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hibbard MJ (1979) Myrmekite as a marker between preaqueous and postaqueous phase saturation in granitic systems. Geol Soc Am Bull 90:1047–1062

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hiess J, Condon DJ, McLean N, Noble SR (2012) 238U/235U systematics in terrestrial uranium-bearing minerals. Science 335:1610–1614

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hirth G, Tullis J (1992) Dislocation creep regimes in quartz aggregates. J Struct Geol 14:145–159

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hövelmann J, Putnis A, Geisler T, Schmidt BC, Golla-Schindler U (2010) The replacement of plagioclase feldspars by albite: observations from hydrothermal experiments. Contrib Mineral Petrol 159:43–59

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Isseini M (2011) Croissance et différenciation crustales au Néoprotérozoïque: Exemple du domaine panafricain du Mayo-Kebbi au Sud-Ouest du Tchad. Thèse de Doctorat, Université Henri Poincaré, France pp 342

  • Isseini M, André-Mayer AS, Vanderhaeghe O, Barbey P, Deloule E (2012) A-type granites from the Pan-African orogenic belt in South-Western Chad constrained using geochemistry, Sr-Nd isotopes and U-Pb geochronology. Lithos 153:39–52

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jaguin J, Boulvais P, Poujol M, Bosse V, Paquette JL, Vilbert D (2013) Albitization in the antimony line, Murchison Greenstone Belt (Kaapvaal Craton): a geochemical and geochronological investigation. Lithos 168-169:124–143

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kasser MY (1995). Evolution précambrienne de la région du Mayo-Kebbi (Tchad). Un segment de la Chaîne Panafricaine. Thèse de Doctorat, Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris, France pp. 217

  • Kasser MY (1998) Le Précambrien tchadien : l’exemple du Mayo-Kebbi. Revue scientifique du Tchad 5:51–67

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaur P, Chaudhri N, Hofmann AW, Ingrid R, Okrusch M, Skora SE, Baumgartner LP (2012) Two-stage, extreme albitization of A-type granites from Rajasthan, NW India. J Petrol 53:919–948

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kouske AP, Suh CE, Ghogomu RT, Ngako V (2012) Na-metasomatism and uranium mineralization during a two-stage Albitization at Kitongo, Northern Cameroon: structural and geochemical evidence. Int J Geosci 3:258–279

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kusnir I (1995) Géologie, ressources minérales et ressources en eau du Tchad. CNAR, Ndjaména 2ème édition 116 pages et une carte

  • LaTour TE, Barnett RL (1987) Mineralogical changes accompanying mylonitization in the Bitterroot dome of the Idaho batholith: implications for timing of deformation. Geol Soc Am Bull 98:356–363

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Law RD (2014) Deformation thermometry based on quartz c-axis fabrics and recrystallization microstructures: a review. J Struct Geol 66:129–161

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee MR, Parsons I (1997) Dislocation formation and albitization in alkali feldspars from the Shap granite. Am Mineral 82:557–570

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Leroy J (1978) The Margnac and Fanay uranium deposits of the La Crouzille district (Western Massif Central, France): geologic and fluid inclusion studies. Econ Geol 73:1611–1634

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Leroy J (1984) Episyénitisation dans le gisement d’uranium du Bernardan (Marche): comparaison avec des gisements similaires du Nord-Ouest du massif Central Français. Mineral Deposita 19 :26–35

  • Liégeois J-P, Abdelsalam MG, Ennih N, Ouabadi A (2013) Metacraton: nature, genesis and behavior. Gondwana Res 23:220–237

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lobato LM, Fyfe WS (1990) Metamorphism, metasomatism, and mineralization at Lagoa Real, Bahia, Brazil. Econ Geol 85:968–989

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ludwig KR (2000) SQUID 1.00. A user’s manual. Berkley Geochronology Center Special Publication 2

  • Maruéjol P, Cuney M, Fuzikawa K, Netto AM, Poty B (1987) The Lagoa Real subalkaline granitic complex (South Bahia, Brazil): a source for uranium mineralizations associated with Na-Ca-metasomatism. Revista Brasileira Geocience 4:578–594

    Google Scholar 

  • McLelland J, Morrison J, Selleck B, Cunningham B, Olson C, Schmidt K (2002) Hydrothermal alteration of Late- to Post-tectonic Lyon Mountain Granitic Gneiss, Adirondack Mountains, New York: origin of quartz–sillimanite segregations, quartz–albite lithologies, and associated Kiruna-type low-Ti Fe-oxide deposits. J Metamorph Geol 20:175–190

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Menegon L, Pennacchioni G, Stünitz H (2006) Nucleation and growth of myrmekite during ductile shear deformation in metagranites. J Metamorph Geol 24:553–568

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Montel JM (1993) A model for monazite/melt equilibrium and application to the generation of granitic magmas. Chem Geol 110(1–3):127–146. https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(93)90250-M

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Morrison J, Anderson JL (1998) Footwall refrigeration along a detachment fault: implications for thermal evolution of core complexes. Science 279:63–66

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moyen JF, Stevens G (2006) Experimental constraints on TTG Petrogenesis: implications for Archean geodynamics. Geophys Monogr Ser 164:149–175. https://doi.org/10.1029/164GM11

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mulch A, Teyssier C, Cosca MA, Vanderhaeghe O, Vennemann TW (2004) Reconstructing paleoelevation in eroded orogens. Geology 32:525–528

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nomo Negue E, Tchameni R, Vanderhaeghe O, Fengyue S, Barbey P, Tekoum L, Fosso PM, Eglinger A, Saha Fouotsa AN (2017) Structure and LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating of syntectonic plutons emplaced in the Pan-African Banyo-Tcholliré shear zone (Central North Cameroun). J Afr Earth Sci 131:251–271. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2017.04.002

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Norberg N, Harlov D, Neusser G, Wirth R, Rhede D, Morales L (2013) Experimental development of patch perthite from synthetic cryptoerthite: microstructural evolution and chemical re-equilibration. Ame Miner 98:1429–1441

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • O’Neil JR (1977) Stable isotopes in mineralogy. Phys Chem Miner 2:105–123

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oesterlen M Vetter U (1986) Petrographic-geochemical characteristics and genesis of an albitized uraniferous granite in northern Cameroon, Africa. Vein type uranium deposits. International Atomic Energy Agency, Technical Document 361:113–142

  • Oliver NHS (1995) Hydrothermal history of the Mary Kathleen Fold Belt, Mt Isa Block, Queensland. Australian J Earth Sci 42:267–279

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Paquette JL, Tiepolo M (2007) High resolution (5 mm) U-Th-Pb isotopes dating of monazite with excimer laser ablation (ELA)-ICPMS. Chem Geol 240:222–237

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Parsons I, Lee MR (2009) Mutual replacement reactions in alkali feldspars I: microtexures and mechanisms. Contrib Mineral Petrol 157:641–666

    Google Scholar 

  • Passchier C, Trouw RAJ (2005) Microtectonics. Springer pp. 371 p

  • Peiffert C, Nguyen-Trung C, Cuney M (1996) Uranium in granitic magmas: part 2. Experimental determination of uranium solubility and fluid-melt partition coefficients in the uranium oxide-haplogranite-H2O-NaX (X = Cl, F) system at 770°C, 2 kbar. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 60:1515–1529

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Penaye J, Toteu SF, Tchameni R, Van Schmus WR, Tchakounté J, Ganwa A, Minyem D, Nsifa EN (2004) The 2.1 Ga West Central African Belt in Cameroon: extension and evolution. J Afr Earth Sci 39:159–164

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Penaye J, Kroner A, Toteu SF, VanSchmus WR, Doumnang JC (2006) Evolution of the Mayo-Kebbi region as revealed by zircon dating: an early (ca.740Ma) Pan-African magmatic arc in Southwestern Chad. J Afr Earth Sci 44:530–542

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Perez RJ, Boles JR (2005) An empirically derived kinetic model for albitization of detrital plagioclase. Ame J Sci 305:312–343

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Petersson J, Eliasson T (1997) Mineral evolution and element mobility during episyenitization (dequartzification) and albitization in the postkinematic Bohus granite, Southwest Sweden. Lithos 42:123–146

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Phillips ER (1980a) Myrmekite as a marker between preaqueous and post aqueous phase saturation in granitic systems: discussion. Geol Soc Am Bull 91:672–674

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Phillips ER (1980b) On polygenetic myrmekite. Geol Mag 117:29–36

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Plümper O, Putnis A (2009) The complex hydrothermal history of granitic rocks: multiple feldspar replacement reactions under subsolidus conditions. J Petrol 50:967–987

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Polito PA, Kyser KT, Stanley C (2009) The Proterozoic, albitite-hosted, Valhalla uranium deposit, Queensland, Australia, a description of the alteration assemblage associated with uranium mineralisation in diamond drill hole V39. Mineral Deposita 44:11–40

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Porto da Silveira CL, Schorscher HD, Miekeley N (1991) The geochemistry of albitization and related uranium mineralization, Espinhares, Paraiba (PB), Brazil. J Geochem Explor 40:329–347

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pouclet A, Vidal M, Doumnang JC, Vicat JP, Tchameni R (2006) Neo-proterozoic crustal evolution in Southern Chad: Pan-African ocean basin closing, arc accretion and late- to post-orogenic granitic intrusion. J Afr Earth Sci 44:543–560

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Premoli C (1982) The Madadzang uranium prospect in the Mayo-Kebbi region of Chad. International Atomic Energy Agency. Vienna Austria. Panel proceedings series 195–209

  • Putnis A (2002) Mineral replacement reactions: from macroscopic observations to micropscopic mechanisms. Min Mag 66:689–708

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Putnis A, Austrheim H (2010) Fluid-induced processes: metasomatism and metamorphism. Geofluids 10:254–269

    Google Scholar 

  • Rosenberg CL, Handy MR (2005) Experimental deformation of partially melted granite revisited: implications for the continental crust. J Metamorph Geol 23(1):19–28

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rybacki E, Dresen G (2004) Deformation mechanism maps for feldspar rocks. Tectonophysics 382:173–187

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Santos BG, Noel JJ, Shoesmith DW (2006) The effect of pH on the anodic dissolution of SIMFUEL UO2. J Electroanal Chem 586:1–11

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Siebenaller L, Boiron MC, Vanderhaeghe O, Hibsch C, Jessell M, André-Mayer AS, France-Lanord C, Photiades A (2013) Fluid record of rock exhumation across the brittle–ductile transition during formation of a metamorphic Core complex (Naxos Island, Cyclades, Greece). J Metamorph Geol 31:313–338

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Simpson C, Wintsch RP (1989) Evidence for deformation-induced K-feldspar replacement by myrmekite. J Metamorph Geol 7:261–275

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Smellie JAT, Laurikko J (1984) Skuppesavon, Northern Sweden: an uranium mineralisation associated with alkali metasomatism. Mineral Deposita 19:183–192

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Smirnov VI (1977) Ore deposits of the U.S.S.R. I – III. London, Pitman Publishing, pp. 491

  • Smith DK (1984) Uranium mineralogy. In: De Vivo B, Ippolito F, Capaldi G, Simpson PR (eds) Uranium geochemistry, mineralogy, geology, exploration and ressources. The Institution of Mining and Metallurgy, London, pp 43–88

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Sun SS, McDonough WF (1989) Chemical and isotopic systematics of oceanic basalts: implications for mantle composition and processes. In: Saunders AD, Norry MJ (eds) Magmatism in ocean basins, vol 42. Geological Society of London Special Publications, pp 313–345

  • Tartèse R, Boulvais P, Poujol M, Gloaguen E, Cuney M (2013) Uranium mobilization from the Variscan Questembert syntectonic granite during fluid-rock interaction at depth. Econ Geol 108:379–386

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Taylor SR, McLennan SM (1985) The continental crust: its composition and evolution. Blackwell, Oxford, p 312

    Google Scholar 

  • Thompson TB (1988) Geology and uranium-thorium mineral deposits of the Bokan Mountain granite complex, southeastern Alaska. Ore Geol Rev 3:193–210

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tullis J, Yund RA (1985) Dynamic recrystallisation of feldspar: a mechanism for ductile shear zone formation. Geology 13:238–241

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tullis J, Yund RA (1987) Transition from cataclastic flow to dislocation creep of feldspar: mechanisms and microstructures. Geology 15:606–609

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Turpin L, Maruéjol P, Cuney M (1988) U–Pb, Rb–Sr and Sm–Nd chronology of granitic basement, hydrothermal albitites and uranium mineralisation (Lagoa Real, South-Bahia. Brazil). Contrib Mineral Petrol 98:139–147

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Urai J, Means WD, Lister GS (1986) Dynamic recrystallization of minerals. In: Heard HC, Hobbs BE (eds) Mineral and rock deformation: laboratory studies, the Paterson volume. Geophys Monogr 36:161–200, Am Geophys Union, Washington, DC

  • Van Achterbergh E, Ryan CG, Jackson SE, Griffin W (2001) Data reduction software for LA-ICP-MS. In: Sylvester P (ed) Laser ablation-ICPMS in the earth science, vol 29. Miner Assoc Canada, pp 239–243

  • Van Schmuss WR (1995) Natural radioactivity of the crust and mantle. In: Ahrens TJ (ed) Global earth physics: a handbook of physical constants, AGU Reference Shelf, vol 1. Ame Geophysic Union, pp 283–291

  • Vanderhaeghe O (2009) Migmatites, granites and orogeny: flow modes of partially molten rocks and magmas associated with melt/solid segregation in orogenic belts. Tectonophysics 477:119–134

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vels B, Fritsche R (1988) Sodium metasomatism in the Kitongo uranium occurrence near Poli, Cameroon. Uranium 4:365–383

    Google Scholar 

  • Veríssimo CUV, Santos RV, Parente CV, Oliveira de CG, Cavalcanti JAD (2016) The Itataia phosphate-uranium deposit (Ceara, Brazil) new petrographic, geochemistry and isotope studies. J S Am Earth Sci 70:115–144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsames.2016.05.002

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vigneresse J-L, Barbey P, Cuney M (1996) Rheological transitions during partial melting and crystallization with application to felsic magma segregation and transfer. J Petrol 70(6):1579–1600

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wacrenier Ph (1962) Carte géologique de reconnaissance des Etats d’Afrique Equatoriale, feuille NC-33 SO E-53 SE O-54 (Moundou) au 500 000ème. IRGM. Brazzaville

  • Watson B, Harrison M (1983) Zircon saturation revisited: temperature and composition effects in a variety of crustal magma. Earth Planet Sci Lett 64(2):295–304. https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(83)90211-X

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Whalen JB, Currie KL, Chappell BW (1987) A-type granites: geochemical characteristics, discrimination and petrogenesis. Contrib Mineral Petrol 95(4):407–419. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00402202

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wronkiewicz DJ, Bates JK, Gerding TJ, Veleckis E, Tani BS (1992) Uranium release and secondary phase formation during unsaturated testing of UO2 at 90°C. J Nucl Mater 190:107–127

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yardley BWD (2012) The chemical composition of metasomatic fluids in the crust. In: Harlov DE, Austrheim H (eds) Metasomatism and the chemical transformation of rock. Springer, Berlin, pp 17–51

    Google Scholar 

  • Yardley BWD, Graham JT (2002) Origins of salinity in metamorphic fluids. Geofluids 2:249–256

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The present version of this paper has been significantly improved following the comments of Nelson Eby, Philippe Boulvais, Justine Jaguin, Andrew Putnis, and an anonymous reviewer on different versions of the manuscript. Georges Beaudoin and Mostafa Fayek are thanked for thorough editorial handling. The authors are grateful to the N’Djamena University for scientific work exchanges and field trip assistance. The authors greatly thank SCMEM facilities (GeoRessources S. Mathieu, L. Mouton and O. Rouer), as well as the GeoRessources thin section laboratory (C. Demeurie and A. Flammang) for the quality of sample preparation and the SARM (CRPG) for providing whole rock analyzes. Geochemical and geochronological analyses as well as specifications regarding electron probe microanalysis are reported in Electronic supplementary materials (ESM) 1, 2, 3, and 4.

Funding

This work is part of the PhD work of Diondoh Mbaguedje who benefited from a scholarship attributed by the French scientific cooperation in Chad, which also provided part of the funding for analytical work. Pascal Villecroix, Attaché Culturel at the French embassy in N’Djamena is warmly thanked for his indefectible support. This work is also part of the URCO project supported by CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) scientific national program NEEDS co-funded by CEA and AREVA.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. GET UMR 5563, Université de Toulouse 3, CNRS, IRD, 14 rue E. Belin, 31400, Toulouse, France

    Vanderhaeghe Olivier & Van Lichtervelde Marieke

  2. GeoRessources Laboratory, Université de Lorraine-CNRS, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France

    Anne-Sylvie André-Mayer, Mbaguedje Diondoh, Eglinger Aurélien, Ohnenstetter Maryse & Cuney Michel

  3. Département de Géologie, Faculté des Sciences exactes et appliquées, B.P. 1027, N’Djaména, Chad

    Mbaguedje Diondoh

  4. Institut Universitaire Polytechnique de Mongo, B.P. 4377, N’Djaména, Chad

    Isseini Moussa

  5. Univ Rennes, CNRS, Géosciences Rennes - UMR 6118, 35000, Rennes, France

    Poujol Marc

Authors
  1. Vanderhaeghe Olivier
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Anne-Sylvie André-Mayer
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Mbaguedje Diondoh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Eglinger Aurélien
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Ohnenstetter Maryse
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Isseini Moussa
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Cuney Michel
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Poujol Marc
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Van Lichtervelde Marieke
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Vanderhaeghe Olivier.

Additional information

Editorial handling: M. Fayek

Publisher’s note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Electronic supplementary material

ESM 1

(XLSX 41 kb)

ESM 2

(DOCX 16 kb)

ESM 3

(DOCX 15 kb)

ESM 4

(DOCX 17 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Olivier, V., André-Mayer, AS., Diondoh, M. et al. Uranium mineralization associated with late magmatic ductile to brittle deformation and Na–Ca metasomatism of the Pan-African A-type Zabili syntectonic pluton (Mayo-Kebbi massif, SW Chad). Miner Deposita 56, 1297–1319 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-020-00999-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-020-00999-1

Keywords

Search

Navigation