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A review on liquid metals as cathodes for molten salt/oxide electrolysis

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Abstract

Compared with solid metals, liquid metals are considered more promising cathodes for molten slat/oxide electrolysis due to their fascinating advantages, which include strong depolarization effect, strong alloying effect, excellent selective separation, and low operating temperature. In this review, we briefly introduce the properties of the liquid metal cathodes and their selection rules, and then summarize development in liquid metal cathodes for molten salt electrolysis, specifically the extraction of Ti and separation of actinides and rare-earth metals in halide melts. We also review recent attractive progress in the preparation of liquid Ti alloys via molten oxide electrolysis by using liquid metal cathodes. Problems related to high-quality alloy production and large-scale applications are cited, and several research directions to further improve the quality of alloys are also discussed to realize the industrial applications of liquid metal cathodes.

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Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51725401 and 51904030) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. FRF-TP-18-003C2).

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  1. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China

    Shu-qiang Jiao, Ming-yong Wang & Ji-guo Tu

  2. Institute of Advanced Structure Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China

    Shu-qiang Jiao, Han-dong Jiao & Wei-li Song

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Jiao, Sq., Jiao, Hd., Song, Wl. et al. A review on liquid metals as cathodes for molten salt/oxide electrolysis. Int J Miner Metall Mater 27, 1588–1598 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-020-1971-x

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