Abstract
Evapotranspiration after precipitation is a major component of the hydrological cycle that has widely been studied both theoretically and experimentally including hydrological balance, design and management of irrigation systems, agricultural productivity, irrigation, drainage planning, and estimation of plant water requirements and environment. The rate of evapotranspiration is directly related to air temperature, a key parameter in definition and classification of every region climate. Air temperature also is the main indicator of the global warming and consequent climate change. Therefore, evapotranspiration is expected to be related to climate change, too. Accordingly, a study was designed to investigate the impact of climate change on evapotranspiration in a western mountainous region of Iran. The study was carried out using the outputs of HadGEM2 and CanESM2 global models under RCP2.6, RCP4.5, and RCP8.5 scenarios for the future period of 2021–2050 considering the period of 1989–2018 representative of the region climate. Then two LARS-WG and SDSM statistical downscaling models were used to reduce the scale of outpots to the region of study. The evapotranspiration was calculated using two Hargreaves-Samani and Priestley-Taylor methods. The results showed that on average both minimum and mximum temperatures will increase by 0.6 to 1.6, and 0.8 to 1.9 °C, respectively. The amount of radiation will also increase on average by 0.2 MJ m−2 day−1. Consequently, it is expected that the evapotranspiration rate to be increased between 1 and 7.3%, too. The changes in colder area of the northern part of the studied region is estimated to be higher than that of the southern area. Comparison has also been made between the LARS-WG and SDSM models and Hargreaves-Samani and Priestley-Taylor methods on both estimation of changes in and the amount of evapotranspirtion. LARS-WG and Hargraves-Samani have made higher estimation than the SDSM and Priestley-Taylor model and method. And, finally, the highest rate of changes was projected under the RCP 8.5 scenario.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Aghashahi M, Ardestani M, Niksikhan MH, Tahmasebi B (2012) Introduction and comparison of LARS-WG and SDSM downscaling models to environmental parameters in climate change studies, 6th National Conference and specialized exhibition of environmental engineering, Tehran, 10 p
Alizadeh A (2005) Principles of applied hydrological, twentieth edn. Press Astan Quds Razavi, Mashhad 807 p
Alizadeh A, Sayari N, Hesami Kermani MH, Bannayan Aval M, Farid Hossaini A (2010) Assessment of climate change potential impacts on agricultural water use and water resources of Kashaf rood basin. J Water Soil 24(4):815–835
Babaeian I, Kouhi M (2012) Agroclimatic indices assessment over some selected weather stations of Khorasan Razavi Province under climate change scenarios. J Water Soil 26(4):953–967
Dibike YB, Coulibaly P (2005) Hydrologic impact of climate change in the Saguenay watershed: comparison of downscaling methods and hydrologic models. J Hydrol 307:145–163
Dinpazhoh Y (2006) Study of reference crop evapotranspiration in Iran. Agric Water Manag 84:123–129
Ferreira RN, Nissenbaum MR, Rickenbach THM (2018) Climate change effects on summertime precipitation organization in the Southeast United States. Atmos Res 214:348–363
Goudarzi M, Salahi BH, S A. (2018) Estimation of evapotranspiration in relation to climate change in Urmia Lake Basin. Iranian Watershed Manag Sci Eng 41:12–11
Goudarzi M, Hosseini SA, Mesgari E (2015) Climate models, first edn. Azar Kelk Publications, Zanjan
Granger RJ (2000) Satellite-derived estimation of evapotranspiration in Gedis basin. J Hydrol 229:70–76
Guo B, Zhang J, Gong H, Cheng X (2014) Future climate change impacts on the ecohydrology of Guishui River Basin China. Ecohydrol Hydrobiol 14(1):55–67
Hargreaves GH, Samani Z (1985) Reference crop evapotranspiration from ambient air temperatures. Meeting American Society of Agricultural Engineers, Chicago 12P
Hashemi Nia SM (2006) Water management in agriculture. Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Publications. Mashhad, Iran
Hay LE, Wilby RL, Leavesley GH (2000) A comparison of delta change and downscaled GCM scenarios for three mountainous basins in the United States. J Am Water Resour Assoc 36:387–397
Heidarnejad M, Zare Arani M, Pakparvar M (2013) Determining the accuracy of the SEBS model for evapotranspiration in Yazd. J Geographic Explorations of Desert Areas. 1:1–16
Hyun Cha D, Kyou Lee D, Jin C-S, Kim G, Choi Y, Suh M-S, Ahn J-B, Hong S-Y, Min S-K, Park S-C, Kang H-S (2016) Future changes in summer precipitation in regional climate simulations over the Korean Peninsula forced by multi-RCP scenarios of HadGEM2-AO. Asia-Pac J Atmos Sci 52:139–149
Kilsby CG, Jones PD, Burton A, Ford AC, Fowler HJ, Harpham C, James P, Smith A, Wilby RL (2007) A daily weather generator for use in climate change studies. Environ Model Softw 22:1705–1719
Kouchakzadeh M, Nikbakht J (2004) Comparison of different methods to estimate reference evapotranspiration in Iran different climate with PMFAO standard method. Agric Sci 10(3):43–57
Kouhi M, Sanaeinejad H (2014) Evaluation of climate change scenarios based on two statistical downscaling methods for reference evapotranspiration in Urmia region. Iranian J Irrigat Drain 4(7):559–574
Leong Tan M, LatifIbrahim AB, Yusop Z, Chua V, WengChan N (2017) Climate change impacts under CMIP5 RCP scenarios on water resources of the Kelantan River Basin, Malaysia. Atmos Res 189:1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2017.01.008
Liang L, Lijuan L, Qiang L (2010) Temporal variation of reference evapotranspiration during 1961-2005 in the Taoer river basin of Northeast China. Agric For Meteorol 150:298–306
Mobasheri MR, Khavarian H, Ziaeian P, Kamali GH (2005) Estimation of actual evapotranspiration using MODIS images and SEBAL algorithm. Geomatics, national mapping agency, Tehran 12 p
Pouryazdankhah H, Razavipour T, Khaledian MR, Rezaei M (2012) Determining proper methods to estimate the reference evapotranspiration in Rasht, Third National Conference on Integrated Water Resource. University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Management 11 p
Priestley CHB, Taylor RJ (1972) On the assessment of surface heat flux and evaporation using large- scale parameters. Mon Weather Rev 100:81–92
Racsko P, Szeidl L, Semenov M (1991) A serial approach to local stochastic weather models. Ecol Model 57(1):27–41
Sawano S, Hotta N, Komatsu H, Suzuki M, Yayama T (2007) Evaluation of evapotranspiration in forested areas in the Mekong Basin using GIS data analysis. For Environ Mekong River Basin 295:36–44
Semenov M, Brooks R, Barrow E, Richardson C (1998) Comparison of the WGEN and LARS-WG stochastic weather generators for diverse climates. Clim Res 10:95–107
Tatsumi K, Oizumi T, Yamashiki Y (2013) Introduction of daily minimum and maximum temperature change signals in the Shikoku region using the statistical downscaling method by GCMs. Hydrol Res Lett 7(3):48–53
Wilby RL, Dawson CW, Barrow EM (2002) SDSM - a decision support tool for the assessment of regional climate change impacts. Environ Model Softw 17:147–159
Wilby RL, Dawson WC (2007) A decision support tool for the assessment of regional climate change impacts, SDSM manual version 4.2. Environment Agency of England and Wales p 94
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Responsible Editor: Zhihua Zhang
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lotfi, M., Kamali, G.A., Meshkatee, A.H. et al. Study on the impact of climate change on evapotranspiration in west of Iran. Arab J Geosci 13, 722 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-020-05715-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-020-05715-x