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Evolution and Transcriptional Modulation of Lipoxygenase Genes Under Heat, Drought, and Combined Stress in Brassica rapa

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Abstract

In plants, Lipoxygenase (LOX) genes play crucial roles in tolerance to abiotic as well as biotic stress. Although they have been characterized in various plants, little is known about the evolution and role of LOX under high temperature, drought and their combination in Brassica. In this study, we identified 13 divergent LOX genes which are distributed among six linkage groups (LG) of Brassica rapa. These genes are unevenly distributed among all the three sub-genomes as moderately gene fractionized (MF1), most gene fractionized (MF2), and least gene fractionized (LF) with the differential loss and with the highest loss of genes on the LF. The substitution analysis (Ka/Ks) exhibited a signature of purifying selection of paralogous genes. Protein sequence analysis showed the presence of two canonical iron-binding signature regions along with PLAT/LH2 domain in all the identified LOX proteins indicating greater functional conservation. LOX expression pattern differed significantly under conditions of heat, drought and their combination which was also assessed by lipid peroxidation (MDA) assay and relative water content (RWC). Under heat stress, BraA.LOX5.a was found to be over expressed (6.16-fold) whereas under drought and combined stress, BraA.LOX2.a was identified as the major transcript with 15.76-fold over expression under drought and 18.67-fold under combined stress. These genes showed a significant positive correlation with biochemical stress indicator MDA. The 5′ upstream sequences of LOX genes were found to be highly divergent and showed the presence of different regulatory elements. This study provides a basis for conducting further characterization of stress-specific LOX protein and its involvement in stress-related signalling pathway.

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Funding

This work was financially supported by Bhabha Atomic Research Centre.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India

    Archana N. Rai, Pranav Kulkarni & P. Suprasanna

  2. Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, IGKV, Raipur, 492012, India

    Trapti Mandliya

  3. ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India

    Mahesh Rao

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  1. Archana N. Rai
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  2. Trapti Mandliya
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  3. Pranav Kulkarni
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  4. Mahesh Rao
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  5. P. Suprasanna
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Contributions

ANR conceived and designed the experiments; MR provided true to type genotype/germplasm; ANR, TM and PK conducted the experiments; ANR analysed the data; ANR and PS wrote the paper. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Archana N. Rai.

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Highlights

• Thirteen Lipoxygenase genes were identified in B. rapa genome which exhibited a signature of purifying selection.

• BraA.LOX5.a and BraA.LOX2.a play significant roles in promoting tolerance under heat and drought stress, respectively.

• ABA responsive element identified as the main regulatory element for heat stress inducible LOX genes.

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Gene expression analysis in different developmental stages in Arabidopsis for Lox gene. (PPTX 192 kb)

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Rai, A.N., Mandliya, T., Kulkarni, P. et al. Evolution and Transcriptional Modulation of Lipoxygenase Genes Under Heat, Drought, and Combined Stress in Brassica rapa. Plant Mol Biol Rep 39, 60–71 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11105-020-01234-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11105-020-01234-x

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