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Edge Effect: Growth and Morphogenetic Features of Scots Pine Trees in Forest Parks and Natural Stands

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Abstract

The degree of development and depth of edge effect are studied in some fragments of forest-park stands under long-term urbanization impact (in the city of Yekaterinburg, Russia) and in natural forests using the method of transect investigation. The method of quantitative assessment of tree stem and crown growth features by a set of morphological characteristics was used. The objects of the research included the edges of Scots pine stands. The edge effect was determined by two of the five studied characteristics: foliation and branchiness, which characterize the level of the development of the tree assimilation apparatus. The general trends indicate an increase in the development of these characters in natural stands and decrease in the forest park at increased distance from the edge. The nonlinear development of morphological characteristics along the transects is due to different types of tree responses on the impact of determining morphogenesis factors. Four statistically significant different zones were identified in the natural stands at distances of 0–75, 100–125, 150–175, and 200–225 m from the forest edge and only two zones were differentiated in the forest park. The unified approach to data analysis suggests the edge effect in both habitats at a distance of 75–100 m from the forest edge according to branchiness and 100–125 m according to foliation. Several types of morphogenetic tree responses, distinguished by the degree of foliation and branchiness variation under edge effect impact, are revealed.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors are grateful to Dr. Sci. (Biol.) D.V. Veselkin for discussions of the problem and direct participation in selecting research objects. The authors are also grateful to the reviewer for providing constructive comments, which made it possible to improve the presentation and content of the article.

Funding

This study was supported by the Integrated Program of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences for 2018–2020 (grant no. 18-4-4-10) and performed under the State Assignment of the Botanical Garden, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Botanical Garden–Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ural Branch, 620144, Yekaterinburg, Russia

    S. A. Shavnin, D. Yu. Golikov, A. A. Montile & A. I. Montile

  2. Ural State Forest Engineering University, 620100, Yekaterinburg, Russia

    A. I. Montile

Authors
  1. S. A. Shavnin
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  2. D. Yu. Golikov
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  3. A. A. Montile
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  4. A. I. Montile
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Correspondence to S. A. Shavnin or A. A. Montile.

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Translated by D. Zabolotny

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Shavnin, S.A., Golikov, D.Y., Montile, A.A. et al. Edge Effect: Growth and Morphogenetic Features of Scots Pine Trees in Forest Parks and Natural Stands. Russ J Ecol 51, 199–205 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1067413620030145

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