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Covalent modification of reduced graphene oxide with piperazine as a novel nanoadsorbent for removal of H2S gas

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Abstract

In the present research, piperazine grafted-reduced graphene oxide RGO-N-(piperazine) was synthesized through a three-step reaction and employed as a highly efficient nanoadsorbent for H2S gas removal. Temperature optimization within the range of 30–90 °C was set which significantly improved the adsorption capacity of the nanoadsorbent. The operational conditions including the initial concentration of H2S (60,000 ppm) with CH4 (15 vol%), H2O (10 vol%), O2 (3 vol%) and the rest by helium gas and gas hour space velocity (GHSV) 4000–6000 h−1 were examined on adsorption capacity. The results of the removal of H2S after 180 min by RGO-N-(piperazine), reduced graphene oxide (RGO), and graphene oxide (GO) were reported as 99.71, 99.18, and 99.38, respectively. Also, the output concentration of H2S after 180 min by RGO-N-(piperazine), RGO, and GO was found to be 170, 488, and 369 ppm, respectively. Both chemisorption and physisorption are suggested as mechanism in which the chemisorption is based on an acid–base reaction between H2S and amine, epoxy, hydroxyl functional groups on the surface of RGO-N-(piperazine), GO, and RGO. The piperazine augmentation of removal percentage can be attributed to the presence of amine functional groups in the case of RGO-N-(piperazine) versus RGO and GO. Finally, analyses of the equilibrium models used to describe the experimental data showed that the three-parameter isotherm equations Toth and Sips provided slightly better fits compared to the three-parameter isotherms.

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to thank the Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI), which is also greatly acknowledged for technical support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Nanotechnology Research Center, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI), Tehran, Iran

    Masoud Khaleghi Abbasabadi, Alimorad Rashidi, Pooya Gholami & Zahra Sherafati

  2. Energy Safety Research Institute, Swansea University, Bay Campus, Swansea, SA1 8EN, UK

    Saeed Khodabakhshi

  3. Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran

    Hamid Reza Esmaili Zand

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  1. Masoud Khaleghi Abbasabadi
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  2. Saeed Khodabakhshi
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  3. Hamid Reza Esmaili Zand
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Correspondence to Masoud Khaleghi Abbasabadi.

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Khaleghi Abbasabadi, M., Khodabakhshi, S., Esmaili Zand, H.R. et al. Covalent modification of reduced graphene oxide with piperazine as a novel nanoadsorbent for removal of H2S gas. Res Chem Intermed 46, 4447–4463 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11164-020-04214-8

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