Abstract
Aims
Embothrium coccineum is a pioneer tree that produces cluster roots (CR) induced by phosphorus (P) or nitrogen (N) deficiency, but the role which both N and P play in CR formation for different E. coccineum populations is still unknown. We hypothesized that in E. coccineum, N influences the CR formation response, primarily induced by P limitation. However, this response depends on local adaptations to their specific conditions of geographic origin.
Methods
Seedlings from three contrasting edaphoclimatic conditions (Northern, Central and Southern populations) were grown in hydroponic culture under high and low N supply and at five different P supply. Morphophysiological responses, including CR number, growth, biomass, P and N plant concentration, were studied.
Results
Our results showed that at high N supply, CR formation was stimulated with increased P supply, but just until it reaches a maximum of 5 μM, above this concentration CR formation decreases. However, at low N supply, a constitutive response was observed regardless of P supply. Moreover, each of these responses depends on the populations.
Conclusions
Our study suggests that N drives CR formation induced by P supply and that a differential response exists among E. coccineum populations, that could be related to their origin edaphoclimatic conditions.
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Abbreviations
- Ca:
-
Calcium
- CR:
-
Cluster Root
- CR formation:
-
CR number and CR/Total dry mass ratio
- E. Suppl. Mat:
-
Electronic Supplementary Material
- GAM:
-
Generalized additive models
- HN:
-
High Nitrogen
- K:
-
Potassium
- LN:
-
Low Nitrogen
- Mg:
-
Magnesium
- N:
-
Nitrogen
- Na:
-
Sodium
- P:
-
Phosphorous
- RGRh:
-
Relative growth rates for height
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Acknowledgements
Financial support was provide by CONICYT/FONDECYT/Postdoctoral Project N° 3160551 (ABB). AZF and MD thanks FONDECYT projects N° 1180699 and 11170368, respectively. We thank Mr. Cesar Tascón and Dr. Luis Corcuera from Fundo Niagara and Katalapi Park respectively, for allowing us to collect the seed and soil samples. The authors thank Patricia Hanna, Francisco Sepúlveda, Diego Alarcón, Silvana Collado, and Viviana Figueroa for their enthusiastic support. Our thanks to Ximena Steinberg and Cristian Muñoz for their support and help collecting soil and seed samples at both Northern and Southern sites.
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Bertin-Benavides, A., Bascuñán-Godoy, L., Henríquez-Castillo, C. et al. Contrasting responses of cluster roots formation induced by phosphorus and nitrogen supply in Embothrium coccineum populations from different geographical origin. Plant Soil 453, 473–485 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-020-04622-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-020-04622-0