Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Productivity and resistance of okra (Abelmoschus spp.) to the cotton aphid Aphis gossypii glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae) under tropical conditions

  • Original Research Article
  • Published:
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is among major arthropods causing significant damage to okra in the tropics. Resistant varieties could reduce aphid infestation and increase productivity. This study was carried out to identify aphid-resistant and high yielding okra accessions for management of the pest. Eleven farmers’ varieties and four aphid-resistant accessions from AVRDC were evaluated at its Nkolbisson station in Yaounde, Cameroon. Field screening was done to determine resistance to aphids, days to 50% anthesis and days to 50% commercial maturity. Aphid data was expressed as the area under infestation pressure curve and subjected to statistical analysis based on mean (m) and standard deviation (S.D.). Crop cycle and yield data were subjected to analysis of variance. Accession ‘VI033824’ was the most resistant to aphids (474 ± 41.9 per leaf) with yield 0.76 ± 0.26 t/ ha whereas the yield of the highly susceptible Babungo (1519.8 ± 0.0 aphids) was 1.33 ± 0.07 t/ha, 75.5% higher that the yield of the only resistant variety. Abelmoschus esculatus was less attacked (601.4 ± 60.0 aphids) by aphids than Abelmoschus caillei (826.0 ± 71.6 aphids; df = 1, 41; Pr {>Chi} = 0.037). The yield of A. caillei species were higher (1.26 ± 0.14 t/ha) than A. esculentus species (0.43 ± 0.08 t/ha; df = 1, 41; Pr {>Chi} = 0.0002). Hence, varieties with resistance, tolerance to aphids and earliness could be incorporated into integrated pest management of aphids and enhance productivity of okra.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Abang AF (2018) Interactions between the germplasm of okra (Abelmoschus spp.) and aphids with special reference to Aphis gossypii glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in Cameroon. Thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of PhD in biology of animal organism, University of Yaoundé 1, Cameroon

  • Abang AF, Kouame CM, Abang M, Hanna R, Fotso AK (2013) Vegetable growers’ perception of pesticide use practices, cost, and health effects in the tropical region of Cameroon. Int J Agron Plant Prod 4:873–883

    Google Scholar 

  • Abang AF, Kouamé CM, Abang M, Hanna R, Fotso AK (2014) Assessing vegetable farmer knowledge of diseases and insect pests of vegetable and management practices under tropical conditions. Int J Veg Sci 20:240–253. https://doi.org/10.1080/19315260.2013.800625

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ajayi OC (2005) Biological capital, user costs and the productivity of insecticides in cotton farming systems in sub-Saharan Africa. Int J Agric Sustain 3:154–166

    Google Scholar 

  • Anitha KRS, Nandihalli B (2009) Evaluation of some okra hybrids against leaf hopper and aphid. Karnataka J Agric Sci 22:718–719

    Google Scholar 

  • Asawalam EF, Emeasor KC, Adieze O (2007) Influence of some soil amendments on insect pest infestation and damage to okra Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench in Umudike, Abia State. Res J Biol Sci 2:108–111

    Google Scholar 

  • Avallone S, Tiemtore TWE, Rivier CM, Treche S (2008) Nutritional value of six multi ingredient sauces from Burkina Faso. J Food Compos Anal 21:553–558

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • AVRDC (Asian Vegetable Research and Development Center) (1979) Progress report for 1978. Shanhua, Taiwan, Republic of China

  • Belmain SR, Haggar J, Holt J, Stevenson PC (2013) Managing legume pests in sub-Saharan Africa. In: challenges and prospects for improving food security and nutrition through agroecological intensification. Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, p 34

  • Chabi-Olaye A, Nolte C, Schulthess F, Borgemeister C (2005) Effects of grain legumes and cover crops on maize yield and plant damage by Busseola fusca (fuller) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in the humid forest of southern Cameroon. Agric Ecosyst Environ 108:17–28

    Google Scholar 

  • Deguine JP, Hau B (2001) The influence of the plant on Aphis gossypii. Some results of research conducted in Cameroon. In: Gourlot, J-P and Frydrych, R. (eds), Improvement of the marketability of cotton produced in zones affected by stickiness: project CFC/ICAC/11. CFC, CIRAD-CA-COTON, IFTH, SCC, ARC. Amsterdam: CFC, 1 cd-rom CIRAD-CA, cotton program, TA 72/09, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France. Pp. 86-98

  • Djiéto-Lordon C, Aléné DC, Reboul JL (2007) Contribution à la connaissance des insectes associés aux cultures maraîchères dans les environs de Yaoundé – Cameroun. Cameroon J Biol Biochem Sci 15:1–13

    Google Scholar 

  • Dogimont C, Bendahmane A, Chovelon V, Boissot N (2010) Host plant resistance to aphids in cultivated crops: genetic and molecular bases, and interactions with aphid populations. C R Biol 333:566–573

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ellis-Jones J, Stenhouse J, Gridley H, Hella J, Onim M (2008) Vegetable breeding and seed Systems for Poverty Reduction in Africa. Baseline Study on Vegetable Production and Marketing. Cameroon vBSS Baseline Synthesis Report - final draft

  • FAO (2015) Food and agricultural Organization of the United Nations. FAO’s corporate database. http://faostat3.fao.org/browse/Q/QC/E (last accessed 11 Mar 2016)

  • Horber E (1980) Types and classification of resistance. In: Maxwell FG, Jennings PR (eds) Breeding plants resistant to insects. John Wiley and Sons, New York, pp 15–21

    Google Scholar 

  • Hughes J (2009) Just famine foods? What contribution can underutilized plants make to food security? Acta Hortic 806(1):39–47

  • Ijoyah MO (2010) Productivity of okra (Abelmoschus esculentusL. Moench) at varying sowing dates in Makurdi, Nigeria. J Appl Biosci 32:2015–2019

    Google Scholar 

  • Kekeunou S, Messi J, Weise S, Tindo M (2006) Insect pests’ incidence and variations due to forest landscape degradation in the humid forest zone of southern Cameroon: farmers’ perception and need for adopting an integrated pest management strategy. Afr J Biotechnol 5:555–562

    Google Scholar 

  • Kendall CWC, Jenkins DJA (2004) A dietary portfolio: maximal reduction of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol with diet. Curr Atheroscler Rep 6:492–498

  • Kessler A, Baldwin IT (2001) Defensive function of herbivore-induced plant volatile emissions in nature. Science 291:2141–2144

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Koch KG, Chapman K, Louis J, Heng-Moss T, Sarath G (2016) Plant tolerance: a unique approach to control hemipteran pests. Front Plant Sci 7:1–12

    Google Scholar 

  • Kogan M, Ortman EE (1978) Antixenosis-a new term proposed to replace Painter’s “non-preference” modality of resistance. Bull Entomol Soc Am 24:175–176

    Google Scholar 

  • Kogan M, Paxton J (1983) Natural inducers of plant resistance to insects. In: Hedin P.A. (ed.), Plant Resistance to Insects. Am. Chem. Soc. Symp. Series 208. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, pp. 153–171

  • Koornneef M, Bentsink L, Hilhorst H (2002) Seed dormancy and germination. Curr Opin Plant Biol 5:3336

    Google Scholar 

  • Kumar S, Dagnoko S, Haougui A, Ratnadass A, Pasternak D, Kouame C (2010) Okra (Abelmoschus spp.) in west and Central Africa: potential and progress on its improvement. Afr J Agric Res 5:3590–3598

    Google Scholar 

  • Leite GL, Picanco DM, Zanuncio JC, Gusmao MR (2007) Factors affecting colonization and abundance of Aphis gossypii glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on okra plantations. Ciência e Agrotecnologia, Lavras 31: 337–343

  • Manach C, Williamson G, Morand C, Scalbert A, Remesy C (2005) Bioavailability and bioefficacy of polyphenols in humans. I. Review of 97 bioavailability studies. Am J Clin Nutr 81(1):230–242

  • Matthews GA, Tunstall JP (1994) Insect pests of cotton. CAB International, Wallingford xii + 593 pp

    Google Scholar 

  • Metcalf RL, Luckman WH (1994) Introduction to insect pest management, 3rd edn. John Wiley Sons, Inc., New York, 137 pp

    Google Scholar 

  • Mmolawa OB (1987) Germination and dormancy of meadow foam seed. M.Sc. thesis, Oregon State University, USA

  • Mohamed-Ahmed MM (2000) Studies on the control of insect pests in vegetables (okra, tomato, and onion) in Sudan with special reference to neem preparations. PhD dissertation, University of Giessen, Germany. 123 pp.

  • Moyin-Jesu EL (2007) Use of plant residues or improving soil fertility pod nutrients root growth and pod weigth of okra Abelmoschus esculentum L. Bioresour Technol 98:2057–2064

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • NAP (2006) Lost Crops of Africa Volume II: Vegetables pp 287–301. https://www.nap.edu/catalog/11763.html

  • Ndemah R (1999) Towards developing a sustainable pest management strategy for the African stalk borer, Busseola fusca (fuller) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in maize systems of Cameroon. Ph. D. Thesis, Hanover University. 320 pp.

  • Ndemah R, Schulthess F, Korie S, Borgemeister C, Poehling M, Cardwell K (2003) Factors affecting infestation of the stalk borer Busseola fusca (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae ) on maize in the forest zone of Cameroon with special reference to Scelionid egg parasitoids. Environ Entomol 32:51–60

    Google Scholar 

  • Nderitu JH, Kasina JM, Kimenju JW, Malenge F (2008) Evaluation of synthetic and neem-based insecticide for managing aphids on okra (Malvaceae) in eastern Kenya. J Entomol 5:207–212

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nibouche S, Brevault T, Klassou C, Dessauw D, Hau B (2008) Assessment of the resistance of cotton germplasm (Gossypium spp.) to aphids (Homoptera: Aphididae) and leafhooper (Homoptera: Cicadellidae): methodology and genetic variability. Plant Breed 127:376–382

    Google Scholar 

  • Ojo J (2016) Pesticides use and health in Nigeria. IFE J Sci 18(4):981–991

    Google Scholar 

  • Painter RH (1951) Insect resistance in crop plants. The Macmillan Co., New York, pp 24–25

    Google Scholar 

  • Pearce G, Styrdom D, Johnson S, Ryan CA (1991) A polypeptide from tomato leaves induces wound-inducible proteinase inhibitor proteins. Science 253:895–898

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Purquerio V, Luis F, Antonio A, Francisco A (2010) Germination and hardseedness of sedes in okra elite lines. Hortic Bras 28:232–235

    Google Scholar 

  • Rosenthal JP, Kotanen PM (1994) Rosenthal J, Kotanen P. terrestrial plant tolerance to herbivory. Trends Ecol Evol 9:145–148

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sarria E, Palomares-Rius FJ, López-Sesé AI, Heredia A, Gómez-Guillamón ML (2010) Role of leaf glandular trichomes of melon plants in deterrence of Aphis gossypii glover. Plant Biol 12:503–511

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schippers RR (2000) African indigenous vegetables. An overview of the cultural species. Natural Resources Institute/ACP-EU Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation, Chatham 214pp

    Google Scholar 

  • Scriber JM, Feeny P (1979) Growth of herbivorous caterpillars in relation to feeding specialisation and to the growth form of their host plants. Ecology 60:829–850

    Google Scholar 

  • Shaner G, Finney RE (1977) The effect of nitrogen fertilization on the expression of slow-mildewing resistance in Knox wheat. Phytopathology 67:1051–1056

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shannag HK, Al-Qudah JM, Makhadmehi M, Freihat NM (2007) Differences in growth and yield responses to Aphis gossypii glover between different okra varieties. Plant Prot Sci 43:109–116

    Google Scholar 

  • Shereen ME (2007) Insect interactions of three trophic levels on milkweed plant, Asclepias sinaica (Boiss) Musch. Int J Agric Biol 9:292–293

    Google Scholar 

  • Siemonsma JS (1982) West-African okra - morphological and cytogenetical indications for the existence of a natural amphidiploid of Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench and A. manihot (L.) Medikus. Euphytica 31:241–252

    Google Scholar 

  • Siemonsma JS, Kouamé C (2004) Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench. Internet record from Protabase. Grubben GJH, Denton OA (eds.), PROTA (plant resources of tropical Africa, Wageningen, Netherlands. http://database.prota.org/search.htm

  • Smith CM (1989) Plant resistance to insects: A fundamental approach. Wiley Sons, Inc., New York, 294 pp

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith CM (2005) Plant resistance to arthropods. Springer, Dordrecht

    Google Scholar 

  • Strauss SY, Agrawal AA (1999) Strauss S, Agrawal A. the ecology and evolution of plant tolerance to herbivory. Trends Ecol Evol 14:179–185

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sumathi E (2005) Screening of okra germplasms for their relative resistance to aphid and leafhopper damage. J Ecobiol 17:451–454

    Google Scholar 

  • Tabacian H, Ravan S, Bandani AR (2011) Susceptibilities of two populations of Aphis gossypii glover to selected insecticides. Afr J Biotechnol 10:670–674

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wanja EW, Hallett RH, Sears MK, Sithanantham S (2001) Insect pest constraints of okra, Abelmoschus esculentus(L.) Moench (Malvaceae), in Kenya. In: ESA 2001 Annual meeting – 2001: an entomological odyssey of ESA, San Diego

  • Wratten SD, Gurr GM, Tylianakis JM, Robinson KA (2007) Cultural Control. In: van Emden HF, Harrington R (eds) Aphids as crop pests. CAB International, Reading, pp 423–445

    Google Scholar 

  • Zarpas KD, Margaritopoulos JT, Stathi L, Tsitsipis JA (2006) Performance of cotton aphid Aphis gossypii (Hemiptera: Aphididae) lineages on cotton varieties. Int J Pest Manag 52:225–232

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

We thank the Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development, Germany for financing this study and the collaboration of the University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon.

Funding

International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) [grant number 81132671] from Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development, Germany.

Author information

Author notes

  1. Rachid Hanna

    Present address: Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, Congo Basin Institute, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Box 11 951496, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon

    Albert Fomumbod Abang, Sevilor Kekeunou & Charles-Felix Bilong Bilong

  2. AVRDC – The World Vegetable Center, Yaoundé, Cameroon

    Albert Fomumbod Abang

  3. International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Yaoundé, Cameroon

    Albert Fomumbod Abang, Rachid Hanna & Apollin Kuate Fotso

  4. AVRDC – The World Vegetable Center, Tainan, Taiwan

    Ramasamy Srinivasan

  5. West and Central African Council for agricultural research and development, Dakar, Senegal

    Abdou Tenkouano

Authors
  1. Albert Fomumbod Abang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Ramasamy Srinivasan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Rachid Hanna
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Apollin Kuate Fotso
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Sevilor Kekeunou
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Abdou Tenkouano
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Charles-Felix Bilong Bilong
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Albert Fomumbod Abang.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Publisher’s note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Abang, A.F., Srinivasan, R., Hanna, R. et al. Productivity and resistance of okra (Abelmoschus spp.) to the cotton aphid Aphis gossypii glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae) under tropical conditions. Int J Trop Insect Sci 41, 197–208 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42690-020-00193-w

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42690-020-00193-w

Keywords

Search

Navigation