Abstract
Water pollution by dyes is a major health and environmental issue. Photosensitive organic dyes produce hydrated electrons, eaq−, singlet oxygen, 1O2, and superoxide anion radicals, O2·−. O2·− catalyzes H2O2 transformation into hydroxyl radicals ·OH, which can be used to degrade wastewater under sunlight. Here, we measured eaq−, 1O2, O2·− and ·OH generated under visible light irradiation of photosensitive organic dyes in the presence of the auxiliary Fe3+, the 1,5-diphenylcarbazide molecular probe, the NH2OH molecular probe and the dimethyl sulphoxide probe. Results show that single photosensitive organic dyes are not degraded in the visible light/H2O2 system. However, they were degraded when mixed in a certain proportion to produce a brown coloration, a phenomenon named the ‘color-mixing effect.’ Likewise, the average yields of O2·− in single photosensitive organic dye solutions were lower, of 0.015 (ΔA510), than that in mixed brown solutions, of 0.113. The color-mixing effect is explained mainly by higher ·OH generation from increased O2·− production. Findings imply that sunlight irradiation is a promising way to clean colorful and dye-containing wastewater.
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Acknowledgements
The authors are grateful to the financial support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21673061) and the Open Project of the State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology (QAK201503).
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Yang, J., Cao, Y. & Zhang, N. Color-mixing effects of photosensitive organic dyes initiated by superoxide anion radicals under visible-light irradiation. Environ Chem Lett 18, 2127–2132 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-020-01043-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-020-01043-4