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Porous VGCF@polyaniline nanohybrids with manipulated porous structures for effective microwave absorption

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Abstract

Micro-nano structure regulation of polyaniline and impedance-matching design of its composites are two crucial but challenging works in microwave absorption. In this study, an in situ sacrificial templates polymerization is applied to regulate the porous structures of polyaniline decorated on vapor-grown carbon fiber (VGCF). By manipulating porous polyaniline structures, heterogeneous interfaces, polarization centers, and geometric structures are introduced into porous VGCF@polyaniline nanohybrids. Porous VGCF@polyaniline demonstrated robust microwave absorption ability with a minimum reflection loss of − 55.9 dB at 10.3 GHz with a filler loading of 18 wt% and a thinner thickness of 1.33 mm. The investigation of the novel porous polyaniline structures and composition relationship suggest that the microwave absorption ability of porous VGCF@polyaniline is originated from the optimal impedance-matching ratio, enhanced dielectric loss, and synergistic effect, which is enhanced by conductive loss and interfacial polarization. A universal approach was proposed to address the critical issue of hybridizing porous VGCF@polyaniline with flexible polyurethane sponge as practical electromagnetic absorption structures. The hybrids exhibited interesting dual absorption properties with minimum reflection loss of − 28.8 and − 35.5 dB at frequencies of 8.5 and 8.7 GHz, respectively. This study provides a new approach for designing lightweight and practical microwave absorbers.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province, China (Grant No. LY19E030009), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (Grant No. 51503183) and Key Program for International Science and Technology Cooperation Projects of Ministry of Science and Technology of China (No. 2016YFE0125900), The Fundamental Research Funds of Zhejiang Sci–Tech University (Grant No. 2019Q009), and Science and Technology Planning Project of Sichuan Province (No. 2020YFH0053).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang, China

    Xiang Li & Yao-Feng Zhu

  2. Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China

    Fan-Bin Meng

  3. Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Tokida, Ueda, 386-8576, Japan

    Qing-Qing Ni

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  1. Xiang Li
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  2. Yao-Feng Zhu
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Correspondence to Yao-Feng Zhu or Fan-Bin Meng.

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Li, X., Zhu, YF., Meng, FB. et al. Porous VGCF@polyaniline nanohybrids with manipulated porous structures for effective microwave absorption. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 31, 12830–12841 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-020-03836-3

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