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Pyrolysis of different date palm industrial wastes into high-quality bio-oils: A comparative study

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Abstract

This paper presents a detailed assessment on the yield and quality of bio-oil produced from the fast pyrolysis process of date seeds and date syrup industrial waste. Pyrolysis experiments were conducted at a temperature of 500 °C for 30 min using a laboratory-scale semi-batch reactor equipped with an inline condensing system to separate the oil fraction from the non-condensable pyrolysis gases. The physical and chemical properties of the condensed bio-oil from date seeds and syrup waste feedstocks are analyzed and compared. Results showed that the pyrolytic oil obtained from date seeds possessed relatively higher kinematic viscosity (1.42 × 10−3 kg/m s) and high heating value (29.06 × 106 J/kg) than syrup waste bio-oil (1.31 × 10−3 kg/m s and 19.29 × 106 J/kg). Gas chromatography mass–spectroscopy (GC–MS) analysis of bio-oil obtained from date seeds and syrup waste primarily contained 2-furanmethanol (21.03%) and 2-fluoroformyl-3,3,4,4-tetrafluoro-1,2-oxazetidine (31.04%) with other valuable components, respectively. The pyrolytic oil of date seeds and syrup waste could be further refined and employed as building blocks for several value-added products in biofuel production and pharmaceutical/flavoring agents. Thus, the present study provides new functionality for the date palm industry to convert the waste products into valuable commodities.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Khalifa University of Science and Technology (KUST) and the internal funding of CIRA, Project Numbers: CIRA-027-2018 and CIRA-028-2019.

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K Rambabu and Fawzi Banat contributed to conceptualization; Abdul Hai, G Bharath and Pravin Kannan contributed to methodology; Abdul Hai, G. Bharath, K. Rambabu and Pravin Kannan contributed to data curation; Hanifa Taher, Raja Jayaraman, Pau Loke Show and Fawzi Banat contributed to data validation; Abdul Hai, G. Bharath, K. Rambabu and Raja Jayaraman contributed to manuscript writing; Hanifa Taher, Pau Loke Show, Raja Jayaraman and Fawzi Banat contributed to review and editing; G. Bharath, K Rambabu and Fawzi Banat contributed to project administration; Fawzi Banat and Hanifa Taher contributed to funding acquisition; all authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to K. Rambabu or Fawzi Banat.

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Hai, A., Bharath, G., Rambabu, K. et al. Pyrolysis of different date palm industrial wastes into high-quality bio-oils: A comparative study. Clean Techn Environ Policy 23, 55–64 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-020-01888-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-020-01888-x

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