Behavioral Responses of Thrips hawaiiensis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) to Volatile Compounds Identified from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (Gentianales: Rubiaceae)
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Insects and Plants
2.2. Behavioural Responses of T. hawaiiensis to Flower Volatiles
2.3. Collection and Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)
2.4. Behavioural Responses of T. hawaiiensis to the Main G. jasminoides Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)
2.5. Odour Stimuli
2.6. Six-arm Olfactometer Bioassays
2.7. Y-Tube Bioassays
2.8. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
3.1. Behavioural Responses of T. hawaiiensis to Flower Volatiles
3.2. Analysis of G. jasminoides Volatiles
3.3. Behavioural Responses of T. hawaiiensis to the Main Components of G. jasminoides VOCs
3.3.1. Six-Arm Olfactometer Bioassays
3.3.2. Y-Tube Olfactometer Bioassays
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Number | Compounds | Molecular Formula | Molecular Weight | Content (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Methyl tiglate | C6H10O2 | 114 | 0.39 |
2 | (Z)-3-Hexen-1-ol | C6H12O | 100 | 3.59 |
3 | β-Myrcene | C10H16 | 136 | 0.15 |
4 | (Z)-3-Hexenyl acetate | C8H14O2 | 142 | 0.18 |
5 | (E)-Ocimene | C10H16 | 136 | 1.38 |
6 | γ-Caprolactone | C6H10O2 | 114 | 0.10 |
7 | trans-Linalool oxide | C10H18O2 | 170 | 0.32 |
8 | Methyl benzoate | C8H8O2 | 136 | 1.64 |
9 | Linalool | C10H18O | 154 | 27.45 |
10 | (Z)-3-hexenyl iso-butyrate | C10H18O2 | 134 | 0.22 |
11 | Benzyl acetate | C9H10O2 | 150 | 0.25 |
12 | (Z)-3-hexenyl butanoate | C10H18O2 | 170 | 0.38 |
13 | Methyl salicylate | C8H8O3 | 152 | 0.20 |
14 | (Z)-3-hexenyl 2-methylbutanoate | C11H20O2 | 184 | 1.28 |
15 | Hexyl 2-Methylbutyrate | C11H22O2 | 186 | 0.61 |
16 | Benzyl propionate | C10H12O2 | 164 | 0.12 |
17 | (Z)-3-hexenyl tiglate | C11H18O2 | 182 | 14.38 |
18 | Hexyl tiglate | C11H20O2 | 184 | 4.01 |
19 | (Z)-3-hexenyl hexanoate | C12H22O2 | 198 | 0.11 |
20 | Isoamyl benzoate | C12H16O2 | 192 | 0.28 |
21 | γ-Decanolactone | C10H18O2 | 170 | 0.18 |
22 | Jasmine lactone | C10H16O2 | 168 | 6.93 |
23 | Benzyl tiglate | C12H14O2 | 190 | 0.23 |
24 | α-Farnesene | C15H24 | 204 | 3.58 |
25 | Octyl (E)-2-methylbut-2-enoate | C13H24O2 | 212 | 0.58 |
26 | E-Nerolidol | C15H26O | 222 | 0.27 |
27 | (Z)-3-Hexenyl phenylacetate | C14H18O2 | 218 | 0.41 |
28 | (E3,E7)-4,8,12-trimethyltrideca-1,3,7,11-tetraene | C16H26 | 218 | 24.67 |
29 | Geranyl tiglate | C15H24O2 | 236 | 0.41 |
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Cao, Y.; Wang, J.; Germinara, G.S.; Wang, L.; Yang, H.; Gao, Y.; Li, C. Behavioral Responses of Thrips hawaiiensis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) to Volatile Compounds Identified from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (Gentianales: Rubiaceae). Insects 2020, 11, 408. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects11070408
Cao Y, Wang J, Germinara GS, Wang L, Yang H, Gao Y, Li C. Behavioral Responses of Thrips hawaiiensis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) to Volatile Compounds Identified from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (Gentianales: Rubiaceae). Insects. 2020; 11(7):408. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects11070408
Chicago/Turabian StyleCao, Yu, Jie Wang, Giacinto Salvatore Germinara, Lijuan Wang, Hong Yang, Yulin Gao, and Can Li. 2020. "Behavioral Responses of Thrips hawaiiensis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) to Volatile Compounds Identified from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (Gentianales: Rubiaceae)" Insects 11, no. 7: 408. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects11070408