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Mitigating Strategies of Gibberellins in Various Environmental Cues and Their Crosstalk with Other Hormonal Pathways in Plants: a Review

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Abstract

Phytohormones are chemical substances that in minute concentration instruct a plethora of developmental and physiological responses in plants. These signal molecules synthesized within the plant body are referred to as plant growth regulators. The available literature revealed that manipulation of phytohormonal content could be a promising approach towards augmentation of environmental stress tolerance in crop plants. They play pivotal role in acclimatization against unstable environmental extremes. Gibberellins are plant hormones affecting germination, stem elongation, flowering, abolition of dormancy, determination of sex expression, leaf and fruit senescence, and enzymatic stimulation. The uncertainty in climatic condition and over expanding population has led to a heap of abiotic stresses in plants. Salinity, high temperature, chilling, freezing, heavy metals, drought, flooding, allelochemicals, and radiation are the stresses that hinder development of plants. The perception of these stresses by plants occurs in a highly coordinated and interactive manner by triggering the activation of a myriad of elaborate signaling networks in which phytohormones play a significant role. The present review describes biosynthesis, signaling, and the potential roles of gibberellins as a tool in mitigating stress, increasing growth, development, and tolerance in plants. In future, revelations evolving the comprehensive knowledge to understand the relationship of plant growth regulators and stress conditions are discussed. This review also enlightens the latest research progress in GA signaling and its crosstalk with other hormonal pathways, underlying the multitude role of DELLA proteins with components of other hormonal signaling pathways.

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Acknowledgments

The author is thankful to the University Grant Commission (UGC), New Delhi, and the University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India, for providing financial assistance to Miss Niharika.

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  1. Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, U.P., 211002, India

    Niharika, Narsingh Bahadur Singh, Ajey Singh, Shubhra Khare, Vijaya Yadav, Chanda Bano & Ravi Kumar Yadav

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Niharika, NBS, and AS have designed and conceptualized this review article. Niharika, SK, VY, CB, and RY wrote this review article. NBS and AS critically evaluated this article. All authors read and approved the article.

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Niharika, Singh, N.B., Singh, A. et al. Mitigating Strategies of Gibberellins in Various Environmental Cues and Their Crosstalk with Other Hormonal Pathways in Plants: a Review. Plant Mol Biol Rep 39, 34–49 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11105-020-01231-0

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