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A longitudinal study of brain volume changes in rhesus macaque model infected with SIV

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Abstract

Given the current lack of understanding of brain volume changes caused by HIV infection, this study aimed to longitudinally assess the changes in regional brain tissue volume following HIV infection and to explore its relationship with peripheral blood absolute CD4+ lymphocyte count (CD4+), the percentage of monocytes in plasma(MON%) and cerebrospinal fluid viral load (CFVL).Four adult male rhesus monkeys were examined in healthy status and following infection with simian immunodeficiency virus using high-resolution 3D T1-weighted sagittal whole brain magnetic resonance imaging. DPABI and SPM were used to process and record changes in brain tissue volume. Correlation analyses were then used to explore the above relationships. Compared with brain tissue volume during the healthy stage, there was no change at 12 and 24 weeks postinoculation (12 wpi, 24 wpi). At 36 wpi, 48 wpi, and 60 wpi, basal ganglia, left inferior temporal gyrus, left occipital gyrus, and left superior frontal gyrus exhibited varying degrees of atrophy. There was no association found between CD4+, MON%, CFVL, and brain volume loss in any brain region. Our research demonstrated that in the early stage of HIV infection, local brain tissue atrophy can be demonstrated by MRI technique; furthermore, MRI can identify the earliest site of atrophy as well as the most severely affected site. Although there was no significant correlation between brain tissue volume loss and CD4+, MON%, and CFVL, our findings provided some evidence in the application of volumetric MR imaging in the early diagnosis and treatment follow-up of patients with HIV infection.

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Acknowledgments

This author would like to thank Dr. Nanshou Wu at South China Normal University for supporting for data processing.

Funding

This study was funded by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (81571634, 61936013).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.8, Xi Tou Tiao, Youanmen Wai, Beijing, 10069, Feng Tai District, China

    Bonan Song, Jiaojiao Liu, Dan Liu, Wei Wang, Jun Sun & Hongjun Li

  2. Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, Dongcheng District, China

    Yunfang Li

  3. Minimally Invasive Tumor Therapies Center, National center of Gerontology, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, 100730, Dongcheng District, China

    Yunfang Li

  4. Department of Radiology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.1 of Dongjiaominxiang Street, Beijing, 100730, Dongcheng District, China

    Haifeng Mi

  5. Department of Radiology, Beijing Second Hospital, No.36, Youfang Hutong, Beijing, 100031, Xi Cheng District, China

    Yuanyuan Wang

  6. School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, Haidian District, People’s Republic of China

    Hongjun Li

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  1. Bonan Song
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  2. Yunfang Li
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  3. Jiaojiao Liu
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  4. Haifeng Mi
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  8. Yuanyuan Wang
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  9. Hongjun Li
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparations were performed by Haifeng Mi, Jiaojiao Liu, and Bonan Song. Data collection was performed by Bonan Song and Yuanyuan Wang, and analysis was performed by Bonan Song, Yunfang Li, Dan Liu, Wei Wang, and Jun Sun. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Bonan Song, and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Hongjun Li.

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Song, B., Li, Y., Liu, J. et al. A longitudinal study of brain volume changes in rhesus macaque model infected with SIV. J. Neurovirol. 26, 581–589 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-020-00864-x

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