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Two new species of Rhynchospora (Cyperaceae) from Bahia, Brazil, and new combinations in Rhynchospora section Pleurostachys

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Abstract

Recent molecular phylogenies have demonstrated that Pleurostachys (Cyperaceae) should be recognized as a section within Rhynchospora. Here all accepted species of Pleurostachys are transferred to Rhynchospora sect. Pleurostachys, five new combinations are made, and one new name provided. Rhynchospora austrobahiensis and R. contraligularis are described as new species endemic to the Atlantic forest of southern Bahia, Brazil. They are distinct from all other species of sect. Pleurostachys by having spikelets that are never clustered and basal leaves over 1 cm wide. The summit of the inner band of the leaf sheath on R. austrobahiensis is concave to triangular while that of R. contraligularis is arched with a distinct, chartaceous contraligule. Both species are illustrated and compared to other species of Rhynchospora sect. Pleurostachys.

Resumo

Filogenias moleculares recentes demonstraram que Pleurostachys (Cyperaceae) deveria ser reconhecido como uma seção dentro de Rhynchospora. Aqui, todas as espécies aceitas de Pleurostachys são transferidas para Rhynchospora sec. Pleurostachys, cinco novas combinações são feitas e um nome novo é fornecido. Rhynchospora austrobahiensis e R. contraligularis são descritas como espécies novas endêmicas da mata atlântica do sul da Bahia, Brasil. Elas são distintas de todas as outras espécies de seção Pleurostachys por terem espiguetas que nunca são agrupadas e folhas basais com mais de 1 cm de largura. O cimo do lado interno da bainha da folha de R. austrobahiensis é côncavo a triangular, enquanto o da R. contraligularis é arqueado com um contraligula cartáceo e distinto. Ambas são ilustradas e comparadas com outras espécies de Rhynchospora sec. Pleurostachys.

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Acknowledgements

Financial support for field work resulting in collection and study of these species was provided by the National Science Foundation (DEB 9972116 and DEB 1342797) and the Beneficia Foundation. Many thanks to Marccus V. Alves for previous collaboration and discussions about species of Rhynchospora sect. Pleurostachys. I thank the curators of the herbaria consulted, especially those of CEPEC, JPB, MBML, NY, RB and UFP. Thanks also to two reviewers of this manuscript. I especially thank Bobbi Angell for the beautiful illustration and Elizabeth Gjieli for the distribution map.

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    William Wayt Thomas

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Thomas, W.W. Two new species of Rhynchospora (Cyperaceae) from Bahia, Brazil, and new combinations in Rhynchospora section Pleurostachys. Brittonia 72, 273–281 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12228-020-09621-0

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