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Epidemiology of skeletal tuberculosis in Beijing, China: a 10-year retrospective analysis of data

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Abstract

Skeletal tuberculosis (STB) is one of the most common forms of extrapulmonary tuberculosis; however, limited epidemiological data are available on this public health concern worldwide, especially in developing countries. The aims of this study were to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of STB cases and to identify risk factors associated with drug resistance among STB cases in China. We included STB inpatients at Beijing Chest Hospital from January 2009 through December 2018. The multiple demographic and clinical variables of patients were collected from the hospital’s electronic patient record. In total, 3086 STB patients were hospitalized in Beijing Chest Hospital. Of these cases, 1988 (64.4%) were spinal TB cases, 991 (32.1%) were joint TB cases, and 107 (3.5%) were concurrent spinal-joint TB cases. The most frequent localization of the infections in joints included the knee (21.5%), hip (17.9%), and elbow (10.3%). For spinal TB, lumbar, thoracic, and cervical spinal TB were present in 51.7%, 40.6%, and 4.4% of cases, respectively. Positive cultures were reported in only 16.0% of STB cases. When patients aged ≥ 60 years old were used as the control group, youths (< 18 years old) were less likely to have spinal TB (aOR, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.21–0.41). The prevalence of MDR-TB was 12.5% among the STB cases, and more female cases were afflicted with drug-resistant STB than with drug-susceptible STB (aOR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.27–0.94). In addition, patients aged < 18 years had significantly higher odds of having drug-resistant STB compared with those aged ≥ 60 years (aOR, 20.778; 95% CI, 4.49–96.149). In conclusion, our data demonstrate that spinal TB is the most frequent form of STB in China. The youths are less likely to have spinal TB compared with elderly patients, while the patients aged < 18 years have significantly higher odds of having drug-resistant STB than elderly patients.

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Data availability

The datasets used during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgment

We are grateful to the staffs who contributed to the collection of specimens and the laboratory examinations.

Funding

This research was financially supported by the Beijing Talents Foundation (2017000021223ZK39) and the Beijing Hospitals Authority’ Ascent Plan (DFL20191601).

Author information

Author notes

  1. Jun Fan, Jun An and Wei Shu contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Orthopaedics Department, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, No 9, Beiguan Street, Tongzhou District, Beijing, 101149, People’s Republic of China

    Jun Fan & Shibing Qin

  2. Medical Records Department, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, 101149, People’s Republic of China

    Jun An

  3. Clinical Center on TB Control, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, 101149, People’s Republic of China

    Wei Shu

  4. National Clinical Laboratory on Tuberculosis, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, No 9, Beiguan Street, Tongzhou District, Beijing, 101149, People’s Republic of China

    Fengmin Huo, Shanshan Li, Fen Wang & Yu Pang

Authors
  1. Jun Fan
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  2. Jun An
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  3. Wei Shu
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  4. Fengmin Huo
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  6. Fen Wang
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  7. Shibing Qin
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  8. Yu Pang
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Contributions

SQ and YP design of the work. JF, JA, and WS wrote the paper. FH, SL, and FW contributed to lab data collection. YP and WS analyzed the data. All authors approved the final version to be submitted for consideration for publication.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Shibing Qin or Yu Pang.

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Competing interests

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Ethics approval and consent to participate

This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Beijing Chest Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University. Written informed consent was obtained from the immediate relative on behalf of each patient.

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Fan, J., An, J., Shu, W. et al. Epidemiology of skeletal tuberculosis in Beijing, China: a 10-year retrospective analysis of data. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 39, 2019–2025 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10096-020-03924-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10096-020-03924-6

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