1887

Abstract

is a Gram-negative obligate intracellular bacterium that is the aetiological agent of proliferative enteropathy (PE), a common intestinal disease of major economic importance in pigs and other animal species. To date, progress in understanding the biology of for improved disease control has been hampered by the inability to culture the organism . In particular, our understanding of the genomic diversity and population structure of clinical is very limited. Here, we utilized a metagenomic shotgun approach to directly sequence and assemble 21 . genomes from faecal and ileum samples of infected pigs and horses across three continents. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a genetically monomorphic clonal lineage responsible for infections in pigs, with distinct subtypes associated with infections in horses. The genome was highly conserved, with 94 % of genes shared by all isolates and a very small accessory genome made up of only 84 genes across all sequenced strains. In part, the accessory genome was represented by regions with a high density of SNPs, indicative of recombination events importing novel gene alleles. In summary, our analysis provides the first view of the population structure for , revealing a single major lineage associated with disease of pigs. The limited diversity and broad geographical distribution suggest the recent emergence and clonal expansion of an important livestock pathogen.

Funding
This study was supported by the:
  • Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (Award BB/P013740/1)
    • Principle Award Recipient: Alan L. Archibald
  • Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (Award BB/P013740/1)
    • Principle Award Recipient: J. Ross Fitzgerald
  • Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (Award BB/P013740/1)
    • Principle Award Recipient: Tahar AIT-ALI
  • Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (Award BB/J004227/1)
    • Principle Award Recipient: Alan L. Archibald
  • Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (Award BB/J004227/1)
    • Principle Award Recipient: J. Ross Fitzgerald
  • Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (Award BB/J004227/1)
    • Principle Award Recipient: Tahar AIT-ALI
  • Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (Award BB/L01680X/1)
    • Principle Award Recipient: Tahar AIT-ALI
  • This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License. This article was made open access via a Publish and Read agreement between the Microbiology Society and the corresponding author’s institution.
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2020-04-02
2024-05-09
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