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Probiotic Bacterium and Microalga Interaction on Rearing Kumamoto Oyster Crassostrea sikamea Spat

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This study assessed in vitro interaction between Bacillus bacteria and microalgae and their posterior in vivo effect on rearing Kumamoto oyster Crassostrea sikamea. The probiotic strains Bacillus licheniformis (MAt32), B. subtilis (MAt43) and B. subtilis (GAtB1) were individually inoculated in triplicate into 250 mL flasks containing 1 × 104 colony forming units (CFU) mL−1 of bacteria and 4.5 × 104 cell mL−1 of microalgae (Isochrysis galbana or Chaetoceros calcitrans) to evaluate their growth during a 7-day culture. Single cultures of microalgae or bacilli served as control. Additionally, C. sikamea spat was treated for 28 days with four single/combined bacillus treatments in triplicate at a concentration of 1 × 106 CFU mL−1 as follows: (a) control, without treatments; (b) combination of two antibiotics (10 mg L−1); (c) B. licheniformis; (d) B. subtilis; (e) B. subtilis subtilis and (f) mixed bacilli. The results showed a significantly (P < 0.05) increased growth of Bacillus strains co-cultured with microalgae, while the growth of I. galbana co-cultured with bacteria was not reduced significantly (P > 0.05) compared with the control group. C. sikamea spat treated with Bacillus showed significantly (P < 0.05) higher growth and survival than the control group. In this study, C. calcitrans microalgae were susceptible to the presence of probiotic bacteria. Nonetheless, this reduction in microalgal growth observed in vitro increased growth and survival of C. sikamea spat exposed to probiotic bacteria when compared to spat without probiotics.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank CIBNOR staff Delfino Barajas-Frías and Pablo Ormart-Castro for hatchery-rearing of larvae and juveniles; Julian Garzón-Favela for provision of microalgae; Maria Del Carmen Rodriguez Jaramillo for technical support with the fluorescence microscope and Diana Fisher for editorial services. Acuacultura Robles S.P.R. of R.I. donated oyster specimens. Funding was provided by CIBNOR, SEP-CONACYT (243532) and PROINNOVA–CONACYT (199788) grants. First author was recipient of a doctoral fellowship from CONACYT (209357).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Universidad de Guadalajara (U de G), CUCSUR, DEDSZC, Melaque, Jalisco, 48980, México

    Ana C. Sánchez-Ortiz & Ma del C. Flores-Miranda

  2. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), La Paz, B.C.S, 23096, México

    Ana C. Sánchez-Ortiz, José M. Mazón-Suástegui, Norma Ochoa & Ángel I. Campa-Córdova

  3. Aquaculture Department. Guasave, Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación Para El Desarrollo Integral Regional (CIIDIR-Sinaloa), Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Sinaloa, 81049, México

    Antonio Luna-González

  4. Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco. División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Los Ríos. Tenosique, 86901, Tabasco, Mexico

    Carolina E. Melgar-Valdés

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  1. Ana C. Sánchez-Ortiz
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Sánchez-Ortiz, A.C., Mazón-Suástegui, J.M., del C. Flores-Miranda, M. et al. Probiotic Bacterium and Microalga Interaction on Rearing Kumamoto Oyster Crassostrea sikamea Spat. Curr Microbiol 77, 2758–2765 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-020-02076-2

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