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The Effect of Nanosized Silicon Molybdate Anions on the Plasma Membrane of Human Fetal Fibroblasts

  • NANOBIOLOGY AND GENETICS, OMICS
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Abstract

We used time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) to study changes in the composition of the plasma membranes of human fetal fibroblasts under the action of nanosized anions of silicon molybdic acid. The dependences of the mass spectra of the main lipids of the plasma membranes on the silicon molybdate concentration were measured and interpreted; the dependences correlate with the layer-by-layer distributions and with the affinity of cholesterol for phospholipids. A new effect for cell biochemistry was discovered, that is, a significant decrease in the relative concentrations of cholesterol and sphingomyelin in plasma membranes under the effect of multiply charged heteropoly anions (HPAs). In aqueous silicon molybdate solutions with a concentration of c ≈ 10 µM/L and an exposure time of 48 h, the amount of cholesterol in plasma membranes decreased by 2–2.5 times, while the amount of sphingomyelin decreased by 20–25%. A new mechanism is proposed for the initial effect of HPA on plasma membranes, which consists of selective etching by multiply charged anions. According to the proposed mechanism, cholesterol and sphingomyelin, the main regulators of permeability and microviscosity of plasma membranes, are extracted from the plasma membrane at the first stage of the interaction of the polyoxometallate anion with the cell. As a consequence of the increased permeability of the plasma membranes in cells, acceleration of vital transmembrane and lateral processes may occur.

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Notes

  1. The well-known values of the affinity of SM and PC for cholesterol, δ, are in magnitude in the same sequence as the scale of the initial decrease of the corresponding peaks in the mass spectra: δ (SM) > δ (PC) [42]. It is natural to assume that in some cases, cholesterol molecules leave the plasma membrane simultaneously with the bipolar head parts of phospholipids (SM, PC, PS, and PE). The similarity of the concentration dependences of the peaks of cholesterol (m/z 369) and SM (m/z 265) (Fig. 3) confirms this assumption.

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Funding

This work was carried out as part of a state assignment on the topic “Fundamentals of creating a new generation of nanostructured systems with unique operational electrical and magnetic properties” (project no. 0082-2018-0003, registration no. AAAA-A18-118012390045-2) and supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project no. 18-54-00004 Bel_a) and the Belarusian Foundation for Basic Research (agreement no. Kh18R-110).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Semenov Federal Research Center of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991, Moscow, Russia

    S. A. Kovalevskiy, A. A. Gulin, A. A. Vasin, E. M. Balashov & F. I. Dalidchik

  2. Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia

    A. A. Gulin & A. A. Vasin

  3. Gamaleya Scientific Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, 123098, Moscow, Russia

    O. A. Lopatina & M. V. Mezentseva

  4. Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Belarus National Academy of Sciences, 220072, Minsk, Belarus

    D. A. Kulemin & A. I. Kulak

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  1. S. A. Kovalevskiy
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  2. A. A. Gulin
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  6. E. M. Balashov
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Correspondence to E. M. Balashov or F. I. Dalidchik.

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Translated by O. Zhukova

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Kovalevskiy, S.A., Gulin, A.A., Lopatina, O.A. et al. The Effect of Nanosized Silicon Molybdate Anions on the Plasma Membrane of Human Fetal Fibroblasts. Nanotechnol Russia 14, 481–488 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1995078019050082

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