Abstract
The experimental program of this study consisted of 12 slab specimens. The parameters investigated include ratio of reinforcement in compression and tension, amount of shear reinforcement and arrangement of shear reinforcement. Flexural reinforcement ratio especially in tension had a noticeable effect on the mode of failure and ultimate punching capacity of slabs. The enhancement in the ultimate loads due to increasing tensile reinforcement ratio was ranging between 26.0 and 42.0%. Slightly enhancement (up to 12%) in ultimate loads was observed as a result of increasing compressive steel ratio. Provision of shear reinforcement was shown to be increased the perimeter of the failure. The ultimate loads were increased with the addition of single leg stirrups as shear reinforcement particularly in case of radial arrangement of shear reinforcement. The ECCS shows the most conservative prediction for punching shear capacity specially in case of using shear reinforcement and the mean predicted-to-experimental ultimate load is shown to be 0.7. The predictions following the ACI and CSA are closet to the experimental results. The mean predicted-to-experimental ultimate load is shown to be 0.8 for ACI and 0.96 for CSA. The BS provisions for punching shear analysis were shown to be overestimated in some cases, where the mean predicted-to-experimental ultimate load is shown to be 1.19.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Einpaul J, Ospina CE, Ruiz MF, Muttoni A (2016) punching shear capacity of continuous slabs. ACI Struct J 113(4):861–872
Al-Gasham TS, Mhalhal JM, Jabir HA (2019) Improving punching behavior of interior voided slab-column connectionsusing steel sheets. Eng Struct 199:1–15
Liberatia EAP, Marquesa MG, Luiz L, Trautweina LM (2019) Failure analysis of punching in reinforced concrete flat slabs with openings adjacent to the column. Eng Struct 182:331–343
Torabian A, Isufi B, Mostofinejad D, Ramos AP (2019) Behavior of thin lightly reinforced flat slabs under concentric loading. Eng Struct 196:1–16
Ferreira MP, Melo GS, Regan PE, Vollum RL (2014) Punching of reinforced concrete flat slabs with double- headed shear reinforcement. ACI Struct J 111(2):363–374
Trautwein LM, Bittencourt TN, Gomes RB, Bella JCD (2011) Punching strength of flat slabs with unbraced shear reinforcement. ACI Struct J 108(2):197–205
ACI Committee 318 (2014) Building code requirements for reinforced concrete (ACI 318-14) and commentary (ACI 318R-14). American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills
Yang JM, Young SY, Cook WD, Mitchell D (2010) Influence punching tests of slabs with low reinforcement ratios. ACI Struct J 107(4):468–475
Gardner NJ (1990) Punching shear of continuous flat reinforced concrete slabs. In: Annual conference of the Canadian society for civil engineering, Ottawa, ON, Canada, pp 247–256
Marzouk H, Hussein A (1991) Experimental investigation on the behavior of high-strength concrete slabs. ACI Struct J 88(6):701–713
Marzouk H, Hussein A (1991) Punching shear analysis of reinforced high-strength concrete slabs. Can J Civ Eng 18(4):954–963
Ramdane KE (1996) Punching shear of high performance concrete slabs. In: 4th international symposium on utilization of high-strength/high-performance concrete. Paris, pp 1015–1026
Guandalini S, Burdet O, Muttoni A (2009) Influence punching tests of slabs with low reinforcement ratios. ACI Struct J 106(1):87–95
BS EN 1992-1-1 (2004) Eurocode 2: design of concrete structures. General rules and rules for buildings (incorporating corrigendum January 2008, November 2010 and February 2014)
Birkle G, Dilger WH (2008) Influence of slab thickness on punching shear strength. ACI Struct J 105(2):180–188
Stein T, Ghali A, Dilger W (2007) Distinction between punching and flexural failure modes of flat plates. ACI Struct J 104(3):357–365
Yaser AY (2004) Behavior of high strength reinforced concrete slabs under concentrated and line loads, Ph.D Thesis, Cairo Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Egypt
Marzouk H, Eman M, Hilal MS (1998) Effect of high-strength concrete slabs on the behavior of slab-column connections. ACI Struct J 95(3):227–237
Menetrey P (1998) Relationships between flexural and punching failure. ACI Struct J 95(4):412–419
Kruger G, Burdet O, Favre R (1998) Punching tests on RC flat slabs with eccentric loading. In: 2nd International Ph.D. symposium in civil engineering. Budapest
CSA A23.3 (2004) Design of concrete structures for buildings (CSA A23.3-04), Canadian Standards Association. Mississauga, ON, Canada
Hammill N, Ghali A (1994) Punching shear resistance of corner slab-column connections. ACI Struct J 91(6):697–705
Yamada T, Nanni A, Endo K (1991) Punching shear resistance of flat slabs: influence of reinforcement type and ratio. ACI Struct J 88(4):555–563
Zaghloul A (2002) Behaviour and strength of CFRP reinforced flat plate interior column connections subjected to shear and unbalanced moments, Master thesis, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carleton University, Ottawa
Theodorakopoulos DD, Swamy N (2007) Analytical model to predict punching shear strength of FRP-reinforced concrete flat slabs. ACI Struct J 104(3):257–266
Theodorakopoulos DD, Swamy N (1993) Contribution of steel fibers to the strength characteristics of lightweight concrete slab–column connections falling in punching shear. ACI Struct J 90(4):342–355
Nguyen ML, Rovank M, Tran TQ, Nguyen KK, (2011) Punching shear resistance of steel fiber reinforced concrete flat slabs. In: The twelfth east Asia-Pacific conference on structural engineering and construction, pp 1830–1837
Alexander SDB, Simmonds SH (1992) Bond model for concentric punching shear. ACI Struct J 89(3):325–334
Hallgren M, Kinnunen S )1996( Increase of punching shear capacity by using high-strength concrete. In: 4th international symposium on utilization of high-strength/high-performance concrete, Paris, pp 1015–1026
Gardner NJ, Shao XY (1996) Punching shear of continuous flat reinforced concrete slabs. ACI Struct J 93(2):219–228
Hallgren M, Kinnunen S (1998) Punching shear tests on column footings, Swedish National Road Administration
Peek R (1989) Evaluation of ductility of structures and structural assemblages from laboratory testing. In: Bulletin of the New Zealand National Society for Earthquake Engineering, vol 22, no 3
ECCS-203 (2018) Egyptian code for design and construction of reinforced concrete structures. Housing and Building Research Center, Egypt
British Standards Institution (1997) Structural use of concrete, BS8110: part 1-code of practice for design and construction
FIP Model Code for Concrete Sutures (2010)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Said, M., Mahmoud, A.A. & Salah, A. Performance of reinforced concrete slabs under punching loads. Mater Struct 53, 68 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-020-01509-5
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-020-01509-5