Abstract
The indium complexes are being used in many applications like catalysis, optoelectronics, sensors, solar cells, biochemistry, medicine, infrared (IR) mirrors and thin-film transistors (TFTs). In organometallic complexes of indium, it forms different types of complexes with single, double, triple and tetra linkages by coordinating with numerous elements like C, N, O and S and also with some other elements like Se and Ru. So, the present study comprises all the possible ways to synthesize the indium complexes by reacting with different organic ligands; most of them are N-heterocyclic carbenes, amines, amides and phenols. The commonly used solvents for these syntheses are tetrahydrofuran, dichloromethane, toluene, benzene, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and water. According to the nature of the ligands, indium complexes were reported at different temperatures and stirring time. Because of their unique characteristics, the organometallic chemistry of group 13 metal indium complexes remains a subject of continuing interest in synthetic chemistry as well as material science.
Acknowledgments
The authors are grateful to the Higher Education Commission (HEC) Pakistan and University of Agriculture, Faisalabad for providing research environment and facilities to conduct their research work to serve our nation. The authors and the corresponding author Dr. M. Adnan Iqbal are very thankful to HEC-Pakistan for providing research grant NRPU-8396, Funder Id: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004681.
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