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Presence of Older Adolescents in the Household is Associated with Depressive Symptoms Among Women Living with HIV in Kenya

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Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine the association between the number of adolescents in a household and depressive symptoms among adult caregivers living with HIV. We examined cross-sectional baseline data among adults enrolled in the Shamba Maisha multisectoral agricultural intervention (n = 705) in the Nyanza region of Kenya (NCT02815579). Each additional adolescent 15–19 years in a household was associated with a 1.35 (95% CI 1.06–1.71) higher odds of depressive symptoms among women, but not men, adjusting for potential confounders. Interventions to support the mental health of adults living with HIV may target women caring for dependent adolescents 15–19 years.

Resumen

El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la asociación entre el número de adolescentes en un hogar y síntomas depresivos en cuidadores adultos que viven con VIH. Examinamos datos transversales en adultos inscritos en la intervención agrícola multisectorial Shamba Maisha (n = 705) en la región de Nyanza de Kenia (NCT02815579). Cada adolescente adicional de 15-19 años en un hogar fue asociado con una probabilidad mayor de 1,35 (CI 95%: 1,06-1,71) de síntomas depresivos entre las mujeres pero no entre los hombres, ajustando los posibles factores de confusión. Las intervenciones en salud mental para adultos que viven con VIH pueden orientarse a mujeres al cuidado de adolescentes de 15 a 19 años.

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Acknowledgements

We thank A. Rain Mocello and Lila Sheira for their assistance with baseline data. We thank the Kenyan women and men who generously gave their time to participate in the study. We acknowledge the important support of the Kenyan Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), and Global Programs for Research and Training (GPRT). We would also like to recognize the Director of KEMRI, the Director of KEMRI’s Centre for Microbiology Research, and the Kisumu, Homa Bay, and Migori County Ministries of Health for their support in conducting this research. We acknowledge the content expertise and support received from the UC Global Health Institute’s Center of Expertise in Women’s Health and Empowerment. We also thank Bernard Rono, Brian Polo, Phoebe Olugo, Sylvia Atieno, Maureen Nyaura, Sylvia Akoko, Titus Arunga, Belinda Odhiambo, Richard Omondi, Elly Bwana, Emmanuel Otieno, Julie Omoro, Doreen Otieno, Rose Ngwengi, Amos Onyango, Sharon Owour, Pius Atonga, Fredrick Ouko, Nicholas Ambira, George Kennedy, Geoffery Ojuok, Risper Omollo, Elija Mbaja, Valiant Odhiambo, Peter Obando, and Julias Odhacha for their important contributions to this research.

Funding

This research was funded by the National Institutes of Health (R01 MH107330 and R21 HD095739) as well as the Mt. Zion Health Fund.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, 550 16th Street, 4th Floor, Box 0110, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA

    Jason M. Nagata

  2. Institute for Global Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

    Jason M. Nagata & Lynhea M. Anicete

  3. Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

    Craig R. Cohen

  4. Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA

    Edward A. Frongillo

  5. Bixby Center for Global Reproductive Health, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

    Rachel L. Burger

  6. Family AIDS Care and Education Services, Kisumu, Kenya

    Pauline Wekesa & Elly Weke

  7. Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

    Sheri D. Weiser

  8. Center for Microbiology Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya

    Elizabeth A. Bukusi

Authors
  1. Jason M. Nagata
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  5. Rachel L. Burger
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  6. Pauline Wekesa
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  7. Elly Weke
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  8. Sheri D. Weiser
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  9. Elizabeth A. Bukusi
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Contributions

JN: Conceptualized research question, conducted analysis, drafted the manuscript, reviewed and edited the manuscript. LA: Conceptualized research question, drafted the manuscript, reviewed and edited the manuscript. CC, EF, SW, EB designed original study, obtained funding, lead data collection, and reviewed and edited the manuscript. RB, PW, EW coordinated data collection, reviewed and edited the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final submitted manuscript.

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Correspondence to Jason M. Nagata.

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The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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Nagata, J.M., Anicete, L.M., Cohen, C.R. et al. Presence of Older Adolescents in the Household is Associated with Depressive Symptoms Among Women Living with HIV in Kenya. AIDS Behav 24, 3574–3578 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-020-02942-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-020-02942-x

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