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Kinetics of inhibition of isoproturon to glutathione-associated enzymes in wheat

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Abstract

The present study aimed at investigating the kinetic of inhibition of isoproturon to the GSH-associated enzymes [γ-glutamyl-cysteine synthetase (γ-GCS), glutathione synthetase (GS), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX)] in wheat. Isoproturon, applied to 10-day-old seedlings for the following 12 days, provoked significant reductions in shoot fresh and dry weights, protein, thiols and glutathione (GSH); however, oxidized glutathione (GSSG) was elevated while GSH/GSSG ratio was declined with concomitant significant inhibitions in the activities of γ-GCS, GS, GR, GST and GPX; the effect was time dependent. IC50 and Ki values of isoproturon were lowest for GPX, highest for both GST and GR, and moderate for both γ-GCS and GS. The herbicide markedly decreased Vmax of γ-GCS, GS and GPX but unchanged that of GST and GR; however, Km of γ-GCS, GS, GST and GR increased but unchanged for GPX. The pattern of response of changing Vmax, Km, Vmax/Km, kcat and kcat/Km for in vivo and in vitro tests of each enzyme seemed most likely similar. These results indicate that a malfunction to defense system was induced in wheat by isoproturon resulting in inhibitions in GSH-associated enzymes, the magnitude of inhibition was most pronounced in GPX followed by γ-GCS, GS, GST, and GR. These findings could conclude that isoproturon competitively inhibited GST and GR; however, the inhibition was noncompetitive for GPX but mixed for both γ-GCS and GS.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, PO 34517, New Damietta, Egypt

    Nemat M. Hassan & Mamdouh M. Nemat Alla

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  1. Nemat M. Hassan
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  2. Mamdouh M. Nemat Alla
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Correspondence to Nemat M. Hassan.

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Hassan, N.M., Nemat Alla, M.M. Kinetics of inhibition of isoproturon to glutathione-associated enzymes in wheat. Physiol Mol Biol Plants 26, 1505–1518 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-020-00812-3

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