Review Article
Advances in next-generation lipid-polymer hybrid nanocarriers with emphasis on polymer-modified functional liposomes and cell-based-biomimetic nanocarriers for active ingredients and fractions from Chinese medicine delivery

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Abstract

Recently, functional liposomes modified with versatile polymer and cell-based- biomimetic nanoparticles have emerged as the most advanced lipid-polymer hybrid nanocarriers (LPNs) for drug delivery. This review highlights the advances of these two LPNs in the delivery of active ingredients and fractions from Chinese medicine with promising therapeutic, chemopreventive, or chemosensitive effects. To understand their complete potency, the relationship between the nanoparticle characteristics and their in vitro and in vivo performance characteristics has been discussed. Polymer-modified liposomes and cell-based biomimetic nanoparticles are beneficial for improving absorption, modulating release, targeting and overcoming multidrug resistance, and reducing side effects. The associated challenges, current limitations, and opportunities in this field are also discussed.

Graphical Abstract

As the next generation of lipid-polymer hybrid nanocarriers (LPNs), functional polymer modified liposomes and cell-based-biomimetic LPNs offer powerful carriers and allow efficient drug delivery. They are beneficial for the enhancement of oral absorption and bioavailability, modulating release, improving biological membrane permeability, targeting delivery, overcoming multidrug resistance, and others.

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Section snippets

Polymer-modified liposomes

Polymer-modified liposomes refer to the polymer-caged or polymer-incorporated liposomes hybrid nanocarriers that are composed of polymers anchored or grafted at the surfaces of the liposomes. The use of polymers is also beneficial in generating liposomes with improved properties, such as shape, particle size, zeta potential, surface properties, and membrane flexibility; these properties play an important role in their behavior in vitro and in vivo.

Cell membrane-biofunctionalized nanoparticles

After synthetic nanocarriers enter the bloodstream, they will suffer clearance by the reticuloendothelial system (RES)/mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) and ‘protein corona’ by the adsorption of proteins and other biomolecules. To reduce these effects, coating with PEG polymer or controlling the size and architecture of the nanoparticles has been extensively investigated. However, due to the toxicological effect of PEG and ‘accelerated blood clearance (ABC)’ phenomenon, alternative nanocoating

Acknowledgement

This work was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81773913, No. 81303232).

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    Funding statement:

    This work was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81773913, No. 81303232).

    Conflicts of interest:

    The authors declare that no competing interests are present.

    1

    These authors contributed equally to this work.

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