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Residual Efficacy of Pyriproxyfen on Grain Commodities Against Stored Product Insect Pests

Residualwirkung von Pyriproxyfen auf Getreideprodukten gegen Vorratsschädlinge

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Abstract

Studies on residual efficacy of insecticides with reduced risk are necessary for strategies on their use and application frequency. Within these insecticides, insect growth regulators, such as pyriproxyfen, have been successfully used to control stored grain pests. The objective of this study was to evaluate the residual efficacy of pyriproxyfen in larvae of the stored grain pests Oryzaephilus surinamensis, Tribolium castaneum and Trogoderma granarium. Grains of wheat, maize, rice, and oats were exposed to pyriproxyfen at concentrations of 1, 2 or 4 mg kg−1. Six bioassays were performed by releasing the insects on treated grains after different post treatment periods (0, 2, 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks). Adult emergence of the three insect species was reduced at tested concentrations in all treated grains. For all bioassays the residual efficacy of pyriproxyfen decreased with increase in the post treatment period. At 4 mg kg−1, the adult emergence did not exceed 16% at week 0 and it was <40% at week 12 in all tested insect species on all grains, but it increased at week 16. The residual effect of pyriproxyfen was more effective in wheat followed by oats, maize and rice for T. castaneum and T. granarium, whereas against O. surinamensis pyriproxyfen was more effective in oats followed by wheat, maize and rice. Results show that pyriproxyfen has potential for residual control of O. surinamensis, T. castaneum and T. granarium, and may be used for replacement of conventional neurotoxic insecticides for managing the insect pests of stored commodities.

Zusammenfassung

Studien zur Residualwirkung von Insektiziden mit reduziertem Risiko sind notwendig für Strategien zu deren Einsatz und Anwendungshäufigkeit. Innerhalb dieser Insektizide wurden Wachstumsregulatoren wie Pyriproxyfen erfolgreich zur Bekämpfung von Vorratsschädlingen eingesetzt. Ziel dieser Studie war es, die Residualwirkung von Pyriproxyfen in Larven der Vorratsschädlinge Oryzaephilus surinamensis, Tribolium castaneum und Trogoderma granarium zu bewerten. Weizen‑, Mais‑, Reis- und Haferkörner wurden mit Pyriproxyfen in Konzentrationen von 1, 2 oder 4 mg kg−1 behandelt. Sechs Bioassays wurden durchgeführt, indem die Insekten nach verschiedenen Behandlungszeiträumen (0, 2, 4, 8, 12 und 16 Wochen) auf die behandelten Körner freigesetzt wurden. Die Entwicklung der Adulten der drei Insektenarten wurde bei den getesteten Konzentrationen in allen behandelten Körnern reduziert. Bei allen Bioassays nahm die Residualwirkung von Pyriproxyfen entsprechend der Behandlungszeit ab. Bei 4 mg kg−1 betrug die Entwicklung von Adulten in Woche 0 nicht mehr als 16 % und lag in Woche 12 bei allen getesteten Insektenarten auf allen Körnern bei <40 %, stieg aber in Woche 16 an. Die Residualwirkung von Pyriproxyfen war bei T. castaneum und T. granarium bei Weizen wirksamer, gefolgt von Hafer, Mais und Reis, während Pyriproxyfen gegen O. surinamensis bei Hafer wirksamer war, gefolgt von Weizen, Mais und Reis. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Pyriproxyfen Potenzial zur Kontrolle von O. surinamensis, T. castaneum und T. granarium besitzt und als Ersatz für herkömmliche neurotoxische Insektizide zur Bekämpfung von Schadinsekten in gelagerten Waren eingesetzt werden kann.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan

    Muhammad Yasir, Mansoor ul Hasan & Muhammad Sagheer

  2. Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil

    Muhammad Fiaz

  3. Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil

    José Eduardo Serrão

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  1. Muhammad Yasir
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  2. Mansoor ul Hasan
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  3. Muhammad Sagheer
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  4. Muhammad Fiaz
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Correspondence to Muhammad Yasir.

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M. Yasir, M. ul Hasan, M. Sagheer, M. Fiaz and J.E. Serrão declare that they have no competing interests.

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Yasir, M., ul Hasan, M., Sagheer, M. et al. Residual Efficacy of Pyriproxyfen on Grain Commodities Against Stored Product Insect Pests. Gesunde Pflanzen 72, 265–272 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-020-00509-3

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