Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Carbonate hosted intermetallic compounds in Paleoproterozoic Salumber Ghatol metallogenic belt, Aravalli Craton, Rajasthan, India

  • Published:
Journal of Earth System Science Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Carbonate hosted intermetallic compound in the Umarvaniyan area is localized within the intensively sheared (mylonitised) dolomite in a NW–SE shear zone (~15 km), belongs to Salumber Ghatol metallogenic belt, in Debari Group of Aravalli Craton, Rajasthan, India. It is characterized by extensive silicification and ferruginisation with hematite, goethite, magnetite and native gold specks. The intermetallic compound within the dolomite is composed of varying proportion of Cu–Zn–Ni–Os–Fe which has been detected by electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) study. The EMPA (WDS) results of the intermetallic compounds also reveal occurrences of intermetallic compounds of Cu–Zn–Ni–Os–Fe and native Au. The occurrence of these non-separable compounds is probably because these metals were formed at very high temperatures and in reducing condition during the evolving shear with low oxygen and low sulfur fugacity. The fast cooling effect thereafter probably made the geochemical environment least conducive for reaction between Cu/Zn/Ni and sulphur or oxygen.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
Figure 6
Figure 7

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Ahmad T and Rajamani V 1991 Geochemistry and petrogenesis of the basal Aravalli Volcanics near Nathdwara, Rajasthan; Precamb. Res. 49 327–340.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baker T 1998 Alteration, mineralization, and fluid evolution at the Eloise Cu–Au deposit, Cloncurry district, NW Queensland; Econ. Geol. 93 1213–1236.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bose U and Sharma A K 1992 A volcano-sedimentary association of the Precambrian Hindoli supracrustals of southeast, Rajasthan; J. Geol. Soc. India 40 359–369.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chander S and Sisodia C P 2003 Gold mineralization in the Palaeoproterozoic rocks of Sanjela–Manpur Dugocha belt, Salumber area, Udaipur district, Rajasthan; J. Geol. Soc. India 61 463–470.

    Google Scholar 

  • Corriveau L 2007 Iron Oxide Copper–Gold (±Ag ±Nb ±P ±Ree ±U) deposits: A Canadian perspective; Geological Association of Canada, Mineral Deposits Division, vol. 5, http://kenanaonline.com/files/0040/40858/deposit_synthesis.iocg.corriveau.pdf.

  • Deb M 2008 Some key issues of gold metallogeny in India; Abstract, International Workshop in Gold Metallogeny; Delhi University, pp. 50–53.

  • Deb M, Thorpe R I, Cumming G L and Wagner P A 1989 Age, source and stratigraphic implications of lead isotope data for conformable sediment hosted basemetal deposts in proterozoic Aravalli–Delhi Orogenic Belt, NW India; Precamb. Res. 43 1–22.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Evans A M 1997 An Introduction to Economic Geology and Its Environmental Impact; Wiley, 364p.

  • Fareeduddin, Kirmani and Chander 2012 Petrology, geochemistry and fluid inclusion studies of Cu–Au mineralization in paleoproterozoic Salumber–Ghatol Belt, Aravalli Supergroup, Rajasthan; J. Geol. Soc. India 80 5–38.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Golani P R, Rajawat R S, Pant N C and Rao M S 1999 Mineralogy of gold and associated alloys in sulphides of Bhukia gold prospects in southeastern Rajasthan, western India; J. Geol. Soc. India 54 121–128.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gopalan K, MacDougall J D, Roy A B and Murali A B 1990 Sm–Nd evidence for 3.3 Ga old rocks in Rajasthan, northwestern India; Precamb. Res. 48 287–297.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grover A K and Verma R G 1993 Gold mineralization in the Precambrians (Bhukia area) of southeastern Rajasthan – A new discovery; J. Geol. Soc. India 42 281–288.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gupta S N, Arora Y K, Mathur R K, Iqbaluddin, Balmiki Prasad, Sahai T N and Sharma S B 1981 Lithostratigraphic map of Aravalli region, southern Rajasthan and north eastern Gujarat, India; Geol. Surv. India, Calcutta, 38p.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gupta S N, Arora Y K, Mathur R K, Iqbaluddin, Prasad B, Sahai T N and Sharma B 1997 The Precambrian geology of the Aravalli Region, Southern Rajasthan and Northwestern Gujrat; Mem. Geol. Suv. India, 123 262.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hazarika P, Bhuyan N, Upadyay D, Abhay K and Singh N N 2019 The nature and sources of ore-forming fluids in the Bhukia gold deposit, western India: Constraints from chemical and boron isotopic composition of tourmaline; Lithos 15 350–351.

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu J, Mao G, Ma X, Li L, Guo Y and Liu G Z 2008 Discovery of Cu–Ni–Zn–Sn–Fe intermetallic compounds and S-bearing alloys in the Zhaishang gold deposit, southern Gansu Province and its geological significance; Sci. China Ser. D: Earth Sci. 51(6) 767–777.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Merlet C 1992 Quantitative electron probe microanalysis: New accurate CI>(pz) description; Mikrochim. Acta 12 107–115.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Merlet C 1994 An accurate computer correction program for quantitative electron probe microanalysis; Mikrochim. Acta 114/115 363–376.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Raza M and Khan M S 1993 Basal Aravalli volcanism: Evidence for an abortive attempt to form Proterozoic ensialic greenstone belt in northwestern part of Indian shield; J. Geol. Soc. India 42 493–512.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roy A B and Kröner A 1996 Single zircon evaporation ages constraining the growth of Archean Aravalli Craton, northwestern Indian shield; Geol. Mag. 133 333–342.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Roy A B and Paliwal B S 1981 Evolution of Lower Proterozoie epicontinental deposits: Stromatolite bearing Aravalli rocks of Udaipur, Rajasthan, India; Precamb. Res. 14 49–74.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sarkar S C 2000 Geological setting, characteristics, origin and evolution of the sediment-hosted sulphide ore deposits of Rajasthan: A critique, with comments on their implications for future exploration; In: Crustal Evolution and Metallogeny in the Northwestern Indian Shield; Narosa Publ. House, New Delhi, pp. 240–292.

  • Sastry C A, Gopalan K and Choudhary A K 1984 Proposal of the classification of the Precambrian rocks and events from Rajasthan and NE Gujarat; (Abstract) Proc. Seminar on crustal evolution of Indian Shield and its bearing on metallogeny; 12–14 January 1984, Department of Geology, Presidency College, Calcutta, pp. 11–12.

  • Sastry C A 1992 Geochronology of the Precambrian rocks from Rajasthan and northeastern Gujarat; Geol. Surv. India, Spec. Publ. 5 1–41.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shekhawat L S, Pandit M K and Joshi D W 2007 Geology and geochemistry of paleoproterozoic low-grade metabasic volcanic rocks from Salumber area, Aravalli Supergroup, NW India; J. Earth Syst. Sci. 116(6) 511–524.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sinha Roy S and Malhotra G 1989 Structural relations of Proterozoic cover and its basement: An example from the Jahazpur belt Rajasthan; J. Geol. Soc. India 34 233–244.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sinha-Roy S, Malhotra G and Mohanty M 1998 Geology of Rajasthan; Geological Society of India, Bangalore, 278p.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wiedenbeck M, Goswami J N and Roy A B 1996 Stabilization of the Aravalli craton of the north western India at 2.5 Ma: An ion microprobe zircon study; Chem. Geol. 129 325–340.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Williams P J 2005 Iron oxide–copper–gold deposits: Geology, space–time distribution, and possible modes of origin; Econ. Geol. 100 371–405.

    Google Scholar 

  • Windley B F 1995 The Evolving Continents; 3rd edn, Wiley Publications, 526p.

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to the Deputy Director General and HoD, Geological Survey of India, Western Region, Jaipur for permission to publish this paper. We are indebted to the then Deputy Director General, and the then Director, Petrology, Geological Survey of India, Southern Region, Hyderabad for support and permission to carry out EPMA studies. We thankfully acknowledge the Deputy Director General, and the Director (TC) state unit Rajasthan for arranging internal review of manuscript. Anonymous reviewer is also acknowledged for suggestions to improve the paper.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Geological Survey of India, Jaipur, 302 004, India

    Suresh Chander, Ausaf Raza & Sanjay Das

  2. Geological Survey of India, Hyderabad, 560 068, India

    Santanu Bhattacharjee

Authors
  1. Suresh Chander
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Ausaf Raza
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Santanu Bhattacharjee
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Sanjay Das
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Suresh Chander.

Additional information

Communicated by N V Chalapathi Rao

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Chander, S., Raza, A., Bhattacharjee, S. et al. Carbonate hosted intermetallic compounds in Paleoproterozoic Salumber Ghatol metallogenic belt, Aravalli Craton, Rajasthan, India. J Earth Syst Sci 129, 137 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-020-01410-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-020-01410-3

Keywords

Search

Navigation