Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Combined adsorbent best (chemical and natural) coagulation process for removing some heavy metals from wastewater

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Increasing industrialization and extensive use of chemicals by the wide range of human sources of heavy metals contribute to increased impact on environment and human health. The excess concentration of heavy metals causes problems of toxicity and growth inhibition of living things. This research has two parts: first, the optimum dose of chemical coagulants (Fe2So4, Fe2So3, Al2So3 and natural coagulant (Moringa Oleifera seed)) was investigated, also study adsorption with / without coagulant. The natural coagulant (Moringa Oleifera seed) and mixture with carbonized Moringa Oleifera and chemical adsorbent (lead + cadmium) were used in batch reactor in different operation conditions. As shown from the result, this method is successful for removing lead more than cadmium due to the characteristics of metals, and also the adsorption with coagulant has the best results than without coagulant. When using Moringa Oleifera as adsorbent and coagulant for lead removal, the adsorbent dose for the best operation condition is 0.45 mg, pH 7, lead concentration 0.5 mg at normal temperature. But when using Moringa Oleifera as adsorbent only, adsorbent dose for the operation conditions is 1 mg, pH 7, lead concentration 0.25 mg at normal temperature.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17
Fig. 18
Fig. 19
Fig. 20
Fig. 21
Fig. 22
Fig. 23
Fig. 24
Fig. 25
Fig. 26
Fig. 27
Fig. 28
Fig. 29
Fig. 30
Fig. 31
Fig. 32
Fig. 33
Fig. 34
Fig. 35
Fig. 36
Fig. 37
Fig. 38
Fig. 39
Fig. 40
Fig. 41

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Abdallah A, Jazmati AK, Refaai R (2017) Structural and optical properties of ZnO thin films. J Nano Electron Phys 1:1. https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2016-0478

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Abdullah NS, Hussin MH, Sharifuddin SS, Yusoff MAM (2017a) Preparation and characterization of activated carbon from Moringa Oleifera SEED POD. Special Issue Sci. Int. (Lahore) 29(1):7–11. ISSN 1013-5316; CODEN: SINTE 8

  • Abdullah NS, Hussin MH, Sharifuddin SS, Yusoff MAM (2017b) National “preparation and characterization of activated carbon From Moringa Oleifera SEED POD”. Special Issue Sci. Int. (Lahore) 29(1):7–11. ISSN 1013 - 5316; CODEN: SINTE 87 January–February

  • Akbal F, Camci S (2010) Comparison of electrocoagulation and chemical coagulation for heavy metal removal. Chem Eng Technol 33(10):1655–1664

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Al Ani FH, AL-Kindi GY, Al-Bidri NKh (2019) Diclofenac removal from wastewater by Iraqi pillared clay. Eng Technol J Part C 37(2) (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.30684/etj.37.2C.13. Fourth international scientific conference on environment and sustainable development (4th ISCESD), Egypt, Cairo, 24–28 November 2018

  • Al Kindi G (2011) Compromise study between the hydrate and dehydrate coagulate (Alum, Ferrous sulfate and Ferric Chloride). J Eng Technol 29(6):291–305

    Google Scholar 

  • Al-Bidri NKh, Al Kindi GY, Al Ani FH (2019) Comprises of different methods for removal of diclofenac from wastewater. MSC thesis in civil engineering/university of technology/Iraq

  • Aljlil SA, Fares DA (2014) Adsorption of copper and nickel on bentonite clay from wastewater. Athens J Nat Form Sci 1(1):21–30

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Almeida Neto AF, Vieira MGA, Silva MGC (2012) Cu(II) adsorption on modified bentonitic clays: different isotherm behaviors in static and dynamic systems. Mater Res 15:114–124

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Amir T, Ismail N, Alkarkhi AFM, Teng TT (2009) Optimization of coagulation process for landfill leachate pre-treatment using response surface methodology (RSM). J Sustain Develop 2(2):159–167

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barbooti M (2015) Simultaneous removal of chromium and lead from water by sorption on Iraqi Montmorillonite. J Environ Prot 6:237–249

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bellir K, Lehocine MB, Meniai A-H (2013) Zinc removal from aqueous solutions by adsorption onto bentonite. Desalin Water Treat 51:5035–5048

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chaouki Z, Fouad K, Ijjaali M, Valdés H, Rafqah S, Sarakha M, Zaitan H (2017) Use of combination of coagulation and adsorption process for the landfill leachate treatment from Casablanca city. Desalin Water Treat 83(83):262–271. https://doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2017.20743

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Deng Y, Englehardt JD (2007) Electrochemical oxidation for landfill leachate treatment. Waste Manag 27(3):380–388. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2006.02.004

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fatehah MO, Hossain S, Teng TT (2013) Comparative study on natural and commercial coagulants: treatment of semiconductor wastewater in sludge production and removal of heavy metals. Int J Sci Modern Eng (IJISME) 1(7):1–8. ISSN: 2319-6386

  • Heba HM, Mikhail S (2014) Removal of heavy metals via adsorption using natural clay material. J Environ Earth Sci 4(19):38–46

    Google Scholar 

  • Ilhan F, Kurt U, Apaydin O, Gonullu MT (2008) Treatment of leachate by electrocoagulation using aluminum and iron electrodes. J Hazard Mater 154:381–389. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.10.035

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jern WNG (2006) Industrial wastewater treatment. Imperial College Press, Singapore

    Google Scholar 

  • Kalavathy HM, Karthikeyan T, Rajgopal S, Miranda S (2005) Kinetic and isotherm studies of Cu(II) adsorption onto H3PO4-activated rubber wood sawdust. J Colloid Interface Sci 292:354–362

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Khader EH, Mohammed THJ, Mirghaffari N (2018) Use of natural coagulants for removal of COD, oil and turbidity from produced waters in the petroleum industry. J Pet Environ Biotechnol 9:3. https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7463.1000374

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mohan S, Gandhimathi R (2009) Removal of heavy metal ions from municipal solid waste leachate using coal fly ash as an adsorbent. J Hazard Mater 169:351–359. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.03.104

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Munajad A, Subroto C, Suwarno (2018) Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis of transformer paper in mineral oil-paper composite insulation under accelerated thermal aging. J Energies 364(2):11. https://doi.org/10.3390/en11020364

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nicoleta P, Rosu A-M, Aru VA, Nistor DI, Siminiceanu I (2013) Chemically modified clays used for environmental quality. J Eng Stud Res 19(4):52–58

    Google Scholar 

  • Ogoyi DO, Mwita CJ, Nguu EK, Shiundu PM (2011) Determination of heavy metal content in water, sediment and microalgae from Lake Victoria, East Africa. Open Environ Eng J 4:156–161

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Oladoja NA (2015) Headway on natural polymeric coagulants in water and wastewater treatment operations. J Wat Proc Eng 6:174–192

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oswlad M, Aroua MK, Ashri W, Daud W, Baroutian S (2008) Removal of hexavalent chromium-contaminated water and wastewater: a review. Water Air Soil Pollut 200:59–77

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Puchana-Rosero MJ, Lima EC, Mella B, da Costa D, Poll E, Gutterres M (2018) A coagulation-flocculation process combined with adsorption using activated carbon obtained from sludge for dye removal from tannery wastewater. J Chil Chem Soc 1:1. https://doi.org/10.4067/s0717-97072018000103867

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ravikumar K, Sheeja AK (2013) Heavy metal removal from water using Moringa oleifera seed coagulant and double filtration. Int J Sci Eng Res 4(5):10–13

    Google Scholar 

  • Srinivasan R (2011) Advances in application of natural clay and its composites in removal of biological, organic, and inorganic contaminants from drinking water. Adv Mater Sci Eng 11:1–17

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tchounwou PB, Yedjou CG, Patlolla AK, Sutton DJ (2012) Heavy metals toxicity and the environment. EXS 101:133–164

    Google Scholar 

  • Tiruneh AT, Debessai TY, Bwembya GC, Nkambule SJ (2018) Combined clay adsorption-coagulation process for the removal of some heavy metals from water and wastewater. Am J Environ Eng 8(2):25–35. https://doi.org/10.5923/j.ajee.20180802.02. p-ISSN: 2166-4633 e-ISSN: 2166-465X

  • Tushar KS, Mahajan SP, Kartic CK (2002) Adsorption of copper and nickel on iron oxide and kaolin and its importance on nickel transport in porous media. Colloids Surf 211:91–102

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ugwu SN, Umuokoro AF, Echiegu EA, Ugwuishiwu BO, Enweremadu CC (2017) Comparative study of the use of natural and artificial coagulants for the treatment of sullage (domestic wastewater). J Cogent Eng 4(1):1365676

    Google Scholar 

  • Yue QY, Gao BY, Wang Y, Zhang H, Sun X et al (2008) Synthesis of polyamine flocculants and their potential use in treating dye wastewater. J Hazard Mater 152:221–227

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zazouli MA, Yousefi Z, Eslami A, Ardebilian MB (2012) Municipal solid waste landfill leachate treatment by Fenton, photo-Fenton and Fenton-like processes: effect of some variables. Iran J Environ Health Sci Eng 9:3

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

I would like to thank the Laboratory Manager and the staff of the Sanitary Laboratory and Softening Water Unit of the Civil Department in the University of Technology for completing this research.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Civil Engineering, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq

    Ghayda Y. Al Kindi, G. F. Gomaa & F. A. Abd ulkareem

Authors
  1. Ghayda Y. Al Kindi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. G. F. Gomaa
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. F. A. Abd ulkareem
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ghayda Y. Al Kindi.

Additional information

Editorial responsibility: M. Abbaspour.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Al Kindi, G.Y., Gomaa, G.F. & Abd ulkareem, F.A. Combined adsorbent best (chemical and natural) coagulation process for removing some heavy metals from wastewater. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 17, 3431–3448 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-020-02702-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-020-02702-3

Keywords

Search

Navigation