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From air pollution to cardiovascular diseases: the emerging role of epigenetics

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Abstract

The association between air pollution and a wide-ranging spectrum of acute and chronic disorders—including cardiovascular diseases—is widely acknowledged. Exposure to airborne pollutants triggers harmful mechanisms such as oxidative stress and systemic inflammation, which lead to increased incidence of myocardial infarction, arterial hypertension, stroke, and heart failure. Sustained efforts have been made in recent years to discover how environmental exposures affect human health through epigenetic phenomena, such as DNA methylation, histone modifications and non-coding RNA-mediated gene regulation. This review summarizes the current evidences on the relationship between air pollution exposure, epigenetic alterations and cardiovascular impact, in view of present implications and future perspectives.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cardiology, Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania

    Miruna-Mihaela Micheu

  2. Department of Research and Meteo Infrastructure Projects, Meteo Romania (National Meteorological Administration), Sos. Bucuresti-Ploiesti 97, 013686, Bucharest, Romania

    Marius-Victor Birsan & Ion-Andrei Nita

  3. Doctoral School of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Pécs, Pecs, Hungary

    Róbert Szép & Ágnes Keresztesi

  4. Institute for R&D in Hunting and Mountain Resources, Miercurea Ciuc, Romania

    Róbert Szép & Ágnes Keresztesi

  5. Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Economics, Socio-Human Science and Engineering, Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Miercurea Ciuc, Romania

    Róbert Szép & Ágnes Keresztesi

  6. Doctoral School of Geosciences, Faculty of Geography and Geology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Iaşi, Romania

    Ion-Andrei Nita

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  1. Miruna-Mihaela Micheu
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M-MM initiated the review and prepared the first draft. M-VB, I-AN, ÁK and RS critically reviewed the relevant literature, and contributed to the final version of the paper. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Micheu, MM., Birsan, MV., Szép, R. et al. From air pollution to cardiovascular diseases: the emerging role of epigenetics. Mol Biol Rep 47, 5559–5567 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-020-05570-9

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