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Light Intensity-Induced Morphogenetic Response and Enhanced β-Sitosterol Accumulation in Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L. cv. Hayani) Callus Culture

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Abstract

The present study, for the first time, assessed the influence of light intensity on morphogenesis of callus cultures and accumulation of β-sitosterol, a key phytosterol compound in date palm. High frequencies of calli with maximum biomass were induced from shoot tip explants in Murashige and Skoog basal medium supplemented with 10 mg/l 2,4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid + 3 mg/l 2-isopentyladenine. Such proliferating callus cultures of date palm cv. Hayani were incubated in specified medium under different light intensities [0, 14, and 42 µmol/m2/s photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD)]. The collected data exhibited an increase in callus volume, globularization, newly differentiated somatic embryos, degree of browning, and β-sitosterol contents of callus cultures. Various effects of different light intensities on the above-mentioned traits were recorded. Morphogenesis of callus under dark condition (0 µmol/m2/s PPFD) resulted in a higher degree of globularization and produced maximum number of newly differentiated somatic embryos. Whereas, under gradually increasing light intensities (14 and 42 µmol/m2/s PPFD), a surge in the accumulation of β-sitosterol content in the proliferating callus was observed. Thus, from the present study, it can be deduced that a proper application of suitable light intensity on proliferating callus has beneficial influence on morphogenesis and a higher production of β-sitosterol in date palm.

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Availability of Data and Material

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Abbreviations

2,4-D:

2,4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid

2iP:

2-isopentyladenine

ANOVA:

Analysis of variance

MS:

Murashige and Skoog

NAA:

α-napthalene acetic acid

NOA:

Naphthoxyacetic acid

PPFD:

Photosynthetic photon flux density

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to the Central Laboratory of Date Palm Researches and Development, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt for providing research facilities. We further are grateful to the anonymous reviewers and the editor for their valuable comments and suggestions on the manuscript.

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Self-funded.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Central Laboratory of Date Palm Researches and Development, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, 12619, Egypt

    Maiada M. El-Dawayati & Sherif El-Sharabasy

  2. Crop Research Unit (Genetics and Plant Breeding), Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal, 741252, India

    Saikat Gantait

Authors
  1. Maiada M. El-Dawayati
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Contributions

MME and SE conceived the research idea and designed the experiments; MME executed the experimental works; MME and SG contributed to data analysis, interpretation, and initial drafting of manuscript; MME, SE, and SG reviewed and edited the manuscript critically for important intellectual content. All authors have read and approved the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Maiada M. El-Dawayati or Saikat Gantait.

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El-Dawayati, M.M., El-Sharabasy, S. & Gantait, S. Light Intensity-Induced Morphogenetic Response and Enhanced β-Sitosterol Accumulation in Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L. cv. Hayani) Callus Culture. Sugar Tech 22, 1122–1129 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12355-020-00844-9

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