Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Evaluation of Antimicrobial Peptides at the Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Infection in Children

  • Published:
International Journal of Peptide Research and Therapeutics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Aim of study was evaluation of urine levels of HD5 and HNP 1–3 at diagnosis of urinary tract infection (UTI) in children. Forty-two urine samples with positive urine culture were patient group whereas 46 urine samples with negative urine culture were control group. Demographic characteristics, automated urinalysis, laboratory results were recorded. All urine samples were evaluated microscopically by a single physician. Median values of HD5 levels in urine of patient and control groups were 187.8 pg/mg and 159.1 pg/mg respectively (p = 0.291). Median value of HNP 1–3 levels in urine of patient and control groups were 8875 pg/mg and 5465 pg/mg respectively (p = 0.145). Results of ROC analysis for HD5 levels and HNP1-3 levels demonstrated that they were not good enough for diagnosis of UTI (AUC = 0.571, p = 0.291 for HD5 and AUC = 0.590, p = 0.145 for HNP1-3 levels). Both positive result for leukocyte esterase and nitrite tests had highest sensitivity (95.2%) and specificity (97.8%) for diagnosis of UTI. The most frequent complaint was dysuria (28.66%) in the patient group. Manual urine examination was found to be more successful than automated urinalysis for predicting growth of microorganism in urine culture. Escherichia coli was most frequently isolated microorganism in urine. Both positive result for leukocyte esterase and nitrit test had highest sensitivity and specificity to define UTI. Bacteriuria in manuel urine microscopy had higher sensitivity and specificity than that of automated urinalysis. Urine HD5 and HNP1-3 levels were not good to define UTI in children.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

AMP:

Antimicrobial peptides

CRP:

C reactive protein

HD-5:

Human alpha defensin-5

HNP1-3:

Human neutrophil peptide 1–3

UTI:

Urinary tract ınfection

References

  • Ali AS, Townes CL, Hall J, Pickard RS (2009) Maintaining a sterile urinary tract: the role of antimicrobial peptides. J Urol 182(1):21–28

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bachur R, Harper MB (2001) Reliability of the urinalysis for predicting urinary tract infections in young febrile children. Arch Pediatric Adolesc Med 155(1):60–65

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Becknell B, Schober M, Korbel L, Spencer JD (2015) The diagnosis, evaluation and treatment of acute and recurrent pediatric urinary tract infections. Expert Rev Anti-infec Ther 13(1):81–90

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ihi T, Nakazato M, Mukae H, Matsukura S (1997) Elevated concentrations of human neutrophil peptides in plasma, blood, and body fluids from patients with infections. Clin Infect Dis 25(5):1134–1140

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Landis JR, Koch GG (1977) The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics 33:159–174

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mayo S, Acevedo D, Quiñones-Torrelo C, Canós I, Sancho M (2008) Clinical laboratory automated urinalysis: comparison among automated microscopy, flow cytometry, two test strips analyzers, and manual microscopic examination of the urine sediments. J Clin Lab Anal 22(4):262–270

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Memişoğulları R, Yüksel H, Yıldırım HA, Yavuz Ö (2010) Performance characteristics of dipstick and microscopic urinalysis for diagnosis of urinary tract infection. Eur J Gen Med 7(2):174–178

    Google Scholar 

  • Ohlsson S, Ljungkrantz I, Ohlsson K, Segelmark M, Wieslander J (2001) Novel distribution of the secretory leucocyte proteinase inhibitor in kidney. Med İnflamm 10(6):347–350

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ray P, Le Manach Y, Riou B, Houle TT (2010) Statistical evaluation of a biomarker. Anesthesiology 112(4):1023–1040

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Roberts KB (2011) Urinary tract infection: clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis and management of the initial UTI in febrile infants and children 2 to 24 months. Pediatrics 128(3):595–610

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Spencer JD, Hains DS, Porter E, Bevins CL, DiRosario J, Becknell B et al (2012) Human alpha defensin 5 expression in the human kidney and urinary tract. PLoS ONE 7(2):e31712

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Spencer JD, Schwaderer AL, Becknell B, Watson J, Hains DS (2014) The innate immune response during urinary tract infection and pyelonephritis. Pediatr Nephrol 29(7):1139–1149

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tikhonov I, Rebenok A, Chyzh A (1997) A study of interleukin-8 and defensins in urine and plasma of patients with pyelonephritis and glomerulonephritis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 12:2557–2561

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Watson JR, Hains DS, Cohen DM, Spencer JD, Kline JM, Yin H et al (2016) Evaluation of novel urinary tract infection biomarkers in children. Pediatr Res 79(6):934–939

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zasloff M (2002) Antimicrobial peptides of multicellular organisms. Nature 415(6870):389

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

There is no funding source.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey

    Serdar Kara

  2. Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey

    Arife Uslu Gökceoğlu

  3. Department of Biochemistry, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey

    Özlem Özbaş Demirel & Pınar Koyuncu

Authors
  1. Serdar Kara
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Arife Uslu Gökceoğlu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Özlem Özbaş Demirel
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Pınar Koyuncu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

SK and AUG designed the study. SK collected urine samples and done urine microskoby. OOG and PK studied antimicrobial peptides in urine. SK and AUG evaluated results. AUG draft the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Arife Uslu Gökceoğlu.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical Approval

This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Review Board of University Of Health Sciences Ankara Child Health and Hematology-Oncology Education and Research Hospital (Number: 2018-56).

Informed Consent

Informed consent was obtained from parents.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Kara, S., Gökceoğlu, A.U., Demirel, Ö.Ö. et al. Evaluation of Antimicrobial Peptides at the Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Infection in Children. Int J Pept Res Ther 27, 275–280 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10989-020-10083-x

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10989-020-10083-x

Keywords

Search

Navigation